Xiaolei Hu, Linxian Huang, Huihua Chen, Liang Chen, Paul H Fallgren
{"title":"Effects of soil bulk density and corresponding soil infiltration rate on the migration and transformation of gibberellic acid.","authors":"Xiaolei Hu, Linxian Huang, Huihua Chen, Liang Chen, Paul H Fallgren","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104488","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High intensity agricultural activities can lead to a decrease in soil fertility and an increase in soil bulk density, which may significantly impact the migration and transformation of pesticides in soil. As a new widely-used micro-toxic pesticide, gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>) is more soluble and hydrophilic than most pesticides, which could readily migrate throughout the soil during water infiltration and impact groundwater quality. In this study, the leaching of GA<sub>3</sub> in saturated soils with different bulk densities (1.15-1.75 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) and infiltration rates (0.2215-0.0017 mm/s) were analyzed using column experiments. The migration and distribution of GA<sub>3</sub> in the soil with a depth of 50 cm were also investigated. The results indicated that GA<sub>3</sub> could completely penetrate the soil with bulk densities less than 1.45 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, and GA<sub>3</sub> mass variation in the effluent was normally distributed. The maximum mass of GA<sub>3</sub> in the effluent was calculated using the equation M<sub>outlet</sub>(max) = 79.01 t<sup>-0.97</sup> (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9811), and 83.69-93.16 % mass of the added GA<sub>3</sub> migrated downward in the soil. The analysis of the distribution of GA<sub>3</sub> in the soil showed that GA<sub>3</sub> accumulated in the upper soil layers with depths of 0-25 cm (the total depth of soil was 50 cm). In addition, the residual and hydrolyzed GA<sub>3</sub> amounts in the soil were 75.07-96.47 % and 5-30 % of the added GA<sub>3</sub>, respectively. Overall, the soil bulk density and irrigation volume determine what type of impact that GA<sub>3</sub> may potentially have on the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"269 ","pages":"104488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104488","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effects of soil bulk density and corresponding soil infiltration rate on the migration and transformation of gibberellic acid.
High intensity agricultural activities can lead to a decrease in soil fertility and an increase in soil bulk density, which may significantly impact the migration and transformation of pesticides in soil. As a new widely-used micro-toxic pesticide, gibberellic acid (GA3) is more soluble and hydrophilic than most pesticides, which could readily migrate throughout the soil during water infiltration and impact groundwater quality. In this study, the leaching of GA3 in saturated soils with different bulk densities (1.15-1.75 g/cm3) and infiltration rates (0.2215-0.0017 mm/s) were analyzed using column experiments. The migration and distribution of GA3 in the soil with a depth of 50 cm were also investigated. The results indicated that GA3 could completely penetrate the soil with bulk densities less than 1.45 g/cm3, and GA3 mass variation in the effluent was normally distributed. The maximum mass of GA3 in the effluent was calculated using the equation Moutlet(max) = 79.01 t-0.97 (R2 = 0.9811), and 83.69-93.16 % mass of the added GA3 migrated downward in the soil. The analysis of the distribution of GA3 in the soil showed that GA3 accumulated in the upper soil layers with depths of 0-25 cm (the total depth of soil was 50 cm). In addition, the residual and hydrolyzed GA3 amounts in the soil were 75.07-96.47 % and 5-30 % of the added GA3, respectively. Overall, the soil bulk density and irrigation volume determine what type of impact that GA3 may potentially have on the environment.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is an international journal publishing scientific articles pertaining to the contamination of subsurface water resources. Emphasis is placed on investigations of the physical, chemical, and biological processes influencing the behavior and fate of organic and inorganic contaminants in the unsaturated (vadose) and saturated (groundwater) zones, as well as at groundwater-surface water interfaces. The ecological impacts of contaminants transported both from and to aquifers are of interest. Articles on contamination of surface water only, without a link to groundwater, are out of the scope. Broad latitude is allowed in identifying contaminants of interest, and include legacy and emerging pollutants, nutrients, nanoparticles, pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, protozoa), microplastics, and various constituents associated with energy production (e.g., methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide).
The journal''s scope embraces a wide range of topics including: experimental investigations of contaminant sorption, diffusion, transformation, volatilization and transport in the surface and subsurface; characterization of soil and aquifer properties only as they influence contaminant behavior; development and testing of mathematical models of contaminant behaviour; innovative techniques for restoration of contaminated sites; development of new tools or techniques for monitoring the extent of soil and groundwater contamination; transformation of contaminants in the hyporheic zone; effects of contaminants traversing the hyporheic zone on surface water and groundwater ecosystems; subsurface carbon sequestration and/or turnover; and migration of fluids associated with energy production into groundwater.