Sarah E Allen, Sally Taylor, James Given, Kristien L Verheyen
{"title":"2010-2023年英国跳跃比赛纯种马死亡的危险因素。","authors":"Sarah E Allen, Sally Taylor, James Given, Kristien L Verheyen","doi":"10.1111/evj.14450","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The British horseracing industry is committed to reducing equine fatalities in jump racing. Race-related fatalities are a major welfare concern and threaten the sport's social licence to operate.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the risk of, and determine risk factors for, fatality in British jump racing.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analyses included all starts made in British jump races between January 2010 and April 2023. Available information for each horse, race, racecourse, trainer and jockey was collated and combined with details of all fatalities recorded by official veterinary officers in a central database. A fatality was defined as any post-start veterinary event that resulted in the sudden death or euthanasia of a horse within 48 h of racing. Risk factors (n = 101) were evaluated using mixed-effects logistic regression. Data for steeplechase and hurdle starts were analysed separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall fatality rate was 5.9 per 1000 steeplechase starts (n = 836/141 922; 95% CI 5.5-6.3) and 4.5 per 1000 hurdle starts (n = 1096/242 486; 95% CI 4.3-4.8). In both race types, fallers (steeplechase: OR 28.7, 95% CI 23.0-35.8; hurdle: OR 41.4, 95% CI 32.9-52.0) and older horses (steeplechase: OR 1.1 per extra year, 95% CI 1.1-1.2; hurdle: OR 1.2 per extra year, 95% CI 1.1-1.2) had higher odds of fatality. In steeplechase racing, starts made in summer (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0-1.5) and by non-GB trained horses (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.4-3.0) experienced higher fatality odds. In hurdling, maiden races (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6) were at higher odds of fatality. In both race types, softer going decreased the odds of fatality. Approximately half of the unexplained variation in fatality odds was attributable to horse.</p><p><strong>Main limitations: </strong>Analysis was restricted to routinely recorded race-day factors and performance history.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reducing the risk of falling and racing on softer ground could substantially decrease fatalities in jump racing.</p>","PeriodicalId":11796,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Risk factors for fatality in jump racing Thoroughbreds in Great Britain (2010-2023).\",\"authors\":\"Sarah E Allen, Sally Taylor, James Given, Kristien L Verheyen\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/evj.14450\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The British horseracing industry is committed to reducing equine fatalities in jump racing. Race-related fatalities are a major welfare concern and threaten the sport's social licence to operate.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the risk of, and determine risk factors for, fatality in British jump racing.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analyses included all starts made in British jump races between January 2010 and April 2023. Available information for each horse, race, racecourse, trainer and jockey was collated and combined with details of all fatalities recorded by official veterinary officers in a central database. A fatality was defined as any post-start veterinary event that resulted in the sudden death or euthanasia of a horse within 48 h of racing. Risk factors (n = 101) were evaluated using mixed-effects logistic regression. Data for steeplechase and hurdle starts were analysed separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall fatality rate was 5.9 per 1000 steeplechase starts (n = 836/141 922; 95% CI 5.5-6.3) and 4.5 per 1000 hurdle starts (n = 1096/242 486; 95% CI 4.3-4.8). In both race types, fallers (steeplechase: OR 28.7, 95% CI 23.0-35.8; hurdle: OR 41.4, 95% CI 32.9-52.0) and older horses (steeplechase: OR 1.1 per extra year, 95% CI 1.1-1.2; hurdle: OR 1.2 per extra year, 95% CI 1.1-1.2) had higher odds of fatality. In steeplechase racing, starts made in summer (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0-1.5) and by non-GB trained horses (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.4-3.0) experienced higher fatality odds. In hurdling, maiden races (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6) were at higher odds of fatality. In both race types, softer going decreased the odds of fatality. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：英国赛马行业致力于减少马在跳跃比赛中的死亡人数。与种族有关的死亡是一个主要的福利问题，并威胁到这项运动的社会许可证的运作。目的：描述危险，并确定危险因素，死亡在英国跳台比赛。研究设计：回顾性队列。方法：分析了2010年1月至2023年4月期间英国所有跳远比赛的起跑情况。每匹马、比赛、赛马场、驯兽师和骑师的可用信息被整理，并与官方兽医官员在中央数据库中记录的所有死亡病例细节相结合。死亡被定义为任何在比赛开始后48小时内导致马匹突然死亡或安乐死的兽医事件。使用混合效应logistic回归评估危险因素（n = 101）。障碍赛跑和跨栏赛跑的数据分别进行了分析。结果：障碍赛总死亡率为5.9 / 1000次(n = 836/141 922；95% CI 5.5-6.3)和4.5 / 1000跨栏起动(n = 1096/ 242486；95% ci 4.3-4.8)。在两种比赛类型中，摔倒者(障碍赛跑：OR 28.7, 95% CI 23.0-35.8；跨栏：OR为41.4,95% CI为32.9-52.0)和老马(障碍赛：OR为1.1 /年，95% CI为1.1-1.2；障碍：OR每多一年1.2,95% CI 1.1-1.2)的死亡率更高。在障碍赛跑中，夏季起跑（OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0-1.5）和非gb训练马匹起跑（OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.4-3.0）的死亡率更高。在跨栏比赛中，处女赛（OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6）的死亡率更高。在这两种种族类型中，走得更软会降低死亡的几率。在无法解释的致死率变异中，大约有一半可归因于马。主要局限性：分析仅限于常规记录的比赛日因素和表现历史。结论：降低在较软地面上摔倒和比赛的风险可以大大减少跳远比赛的死亡率。
Risk factors for fatality in jump racing Thoroughbreds in Great Britain (2010-2023).
Background: The British horseracing industry is committed to reducing equine fatalities in jump racing. Race-related fatalities are a major welfare concern and threaten the sport's social licence to operate.
Objectives: To describe the risk of, and determine risk factors for, fatality in British jump racing.
Study design: Retrospective cohort.
Methods: Analyses included all starts made in British jump races between January 2010 and April 2023. Available information for each horse, race, racecourse, trainer and jockey was collated and combined with details of all fatalities recorded by official veterinary officers in a central database. A fatality was defined as any post-start veterinary event that resulted in the sudden death or euthanasia of a horse within 48 h of racing. Risk factors (n = 101) were evaluated using mixed-effects logistic regression. Data for steeplechase and hurdle starts were analysed separately.
Results: The overall fatality rate was 5.9 per 1000 steeplechase starts (n = 836/141 922; 95% CI 5.5-6.3) and 4.5 per 1000 hurdle starts (n = 1096/242 486; 95% CI 4.3-4.8). In both race types, fallers (steeplechase: OR 28.7, 95% CI 23.0-35.8; hurdle: OR 41.4, 95% CI 32.9-52.0) and older horses (steeplechase: OR 1.1 per extra year, 95% CI 1.1-1.2; hurdle: OR 1.2 per extra year, 95% CI 1.1-1.2) had higher odds of fatality. In steeplechase racing, starts made in summer (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0-1.5) and by non-GB trained horses (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.4-3.0) experienced higher fatality odds. In hurdling, maiden races (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6) were at higher odds of fatality. In both race types, softer going decreased the odds of fatality. Approximately half of the unexplained variation in fatality odds was attributable to horse.
Main limitations: Analysis was restricted to routinely recorded race-day factors and performance history.
Conclusions: Reducing the risk of falling and racing on softer ground could substantially decrease fatalities in jump racing.
期刊介绍：
Equine Veterinary Journal publishes evidence to improve clinical practice or expand scientific knowledge underpinning equine veterinary medicine. This unrivalled international scientific journal is published 6 times per year, containing peer-reviewed articles with original and potentially important findings. Contributions are received from sources worldwide.
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