{"title":"Clavibacter michiganensis 的粉红色变种扩大了番茄细菌性腐烂病病原体的表型范围。","authors":"Malihe Haghverdi, S Mohsen Taghavi, Sadegh Zarei, Hamzeh Mafakheri, Hamid Abachi, Martial Briand, Geraldine Taghouti, Perrine Portier, Marie-Agnes Jacques, Ebrahim Osdaghi","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-07-24-0236-R","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial canker of tomato caused by the Gram-positive corynebacterial species <i>Clavibacter michiganensis</i> is one of the most destructive seed-borne diseases in both open air and greenhouse tomatoes. The pathogen is a regulated agent in all tomato-producing countries as translocation of infected tomato materials transports the bacterium into new areas. <i>Clavibacter michiganensis</i> is generally known to have yellow-pigmented colonies on culture media, which is a key differentiative phenotypic feature in standard diagnostic guidelines. During 2020 and 2021, pink-pigmented corynebacterial strains were isolated from tomato seeds (cv. Sun 6189F1) and plants showing severe canker symptoms in Southern Iran. The six pink-pigmented strains were pathogenic on tomato and pepper seedlings under greenhouse conditions, and gave positive results with <i>C. michiganensis</i>-specific primers pairs described in the literature. Phylogenomics and DNA similarity calculations showed that the pink-pigmented strains were highly similar to the authentic yellow-pigmented members of the pathogen. Thus, they were identified as a new phenotypic variant of tomato bacterial canker pathogen. Whole genome screenings accomplished with PCR-based assays showed that the pink strains contain all pathogenicity determinant genes described in <i>C. michiganensis</i>. Further, orthologous gene clusters in the pink-pigmented strains were more similar to the pathogenic members of <i>C. michiganensis</i> than to those of non-pathogenic tomato-associated <i>Clavibacter</i> species. Results obtained in this study demonstrate the emergence of a new pink-pigmented variant of <i>C. michiganensis</i> and highlight the importance of colony pigmentation/morphology in culture-based detection of the bacterium. The need for updating diagnostic guidelines on the colony variants of the pathogen is further discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Pink-pigmented variant of <i>Clavibacter michiganensis</i> expands phenotypic range of tomato bacterial canker pathogen.\",\"authors\":\"Malihe Haghverdi, S Mohsen Taghavi, Sadegh Zarei, Hamzeh Mafakheri, Hamid Abachi, Martial Briand, Geraldine Taghouti, Perrine Portier, Marie-Agnes Jacques, Ebrahim Osdaghi\",\"doi\":\"10.1094/PHYTO-07-24-0236-R\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Bacterial canker of tomato caused by the Gram-positive corynebacterial species <i>Clavibacter michiganensis</i> is one of the most destructive seed-borne diseases in both open air and greenhouse tomatoes. The pathogen is a regulated agent in all tomato-producing countries as translocation of infected tomato materials transports the bacterium into new areas. <i>Clavibacter michiganensis</i> is generally known to have yellow-pigmented colonies on culture media, which is a key differentiative phenotypic feature in standard diagnostic guidelines. During 2020 and 2021, pink-pigmented corynebacterial strains were isolated from tomato seeds (cv. Sun 6189F1) and plants showing severe canker symptoms in Southern Iran. The six pink-pigmented strains were pathogenic on tomato and pepper seedlings under greenhouse conditions, and gave positive results with <i>C. michiganensis</i>-specific primers pairs described in the literature. Phylogenomics and DNA similarity calculations showed that the pink-pigmented strains were highly similar to the authentic yellow-pigmented members of the pathogen. Thus, they were identified as a new phenotypic variant of tomato bacterial canker pathogen. Whole genome screenings accomplished with PCR-based assays showed that the pink strains contain all pathogenicity determinant genes described in <i>C. michiganensis</i>. Further, orthologous gene clusters in the pink-pigmented strains were more similar to the pathogenic members of <i>C. michiganensis</i> than to those of non-pathogenic tomato-associated <i>Clavibacter</i> species. Results obtained in this study demonstrate the emergence of a new pink-pigmented variant of <i>C. michiganensis</i> and highlight the importance of colony pigmentation/morphology in culture-based detection of the bacterium. The need for updating diagnostic guidelines on the colony variants of the pathogen is further discussed.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":20410,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Phytopathology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-12-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Phytopathology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-24-0236-R\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PLANT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Phytopathology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-24-0236-R","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Pink-pigmented variant of Clavibacter michiganensis expands phenotypic range of tomato bacterial canker pathogen.
Bacterial canker of tomato caused by the Gram-positive corynebacterial species Clavibacter michiganensis is one of the most destructive seed-borne diseases in both open air and greenhouse tomatoes. The pathogen is a regulated agent in all tomato-producing countries as translocation of infected tomato materials transports the bacterium into new areas. Clavibacter michiganensis is generally known to have yellow-pigmented colonies on culture media, which is a key differentiative phenotypic feature in standard diagnostic guidelines. During 2020 and 2021, pink-pigmented corynebacterial strains were isolated from tomato seeds (cv. Sun 6189F1) and plants showing severe canker symptoms in Southern Iran. The six pink-pigmented strains were pathogenic on tomato and pepper seedlings under greenhouse conditions, and gave positive results with C. michiganensis-specific primers pairs described in the literature. Phylogenomics and DNA similarity calculations showed that the pink-pigmented strains were highly similar to the authentic yellow-pigmented members of the pathogen. Thus, they were identified as a new phenotypic variant of tomato bacterial canker pathogen. Whole genome screenings accomplished with PCR-based assays showed that the pink strains contain all pathogenicity determinant genes described in C. michiganensis. Further, orthologous gene clusters in the pink-pigmented strains were more similar to the pathogenic members of C. michiganensis than to those of non-pathogenic tomato-associated Clavibacter species. Results obtained in this study demonstrate the emergence of a new pink-pigmented variant of C. michiganensis and highlight the importance of colony pigmentation/morphology in culture-based detection of the bacterium. The need for updating diagnostic guidelines on the colony variants of the pathogen is further discussed.
期刊介绍:
Phytopathology publishes articles on fundamental research that advances understanding of the nature of plant diseases, the agents that cause them, their spread, the losses they cause, and measures that can be used to control them. Phytopathology considers manuscripts covering all aspects of plant diseases including bacteriology, host-parasite biochemistry and cell biology, biological control, disease control and pest management, description of new pathogen species description of new pathogen species, ecology and population biology, epidemiology, disease etiology, host genetics and resistance, mycology, nematology, plant stress and abiotic disorders, postharvest pathology and mycotoxins, and virology. Papers dealing mainly with taxonomy, such as descriptions of new plant pathogen taxa are acceptable if they include plant disease research results such as pathogenicity, host range, etc. Taxonomic papers that focus on classification, identification, and nomenclature below the subspecies level may also be submitted to Phytopathology.