患有各种呼吸系统疾病的硫磺芥末化学退伍军人的健康评估：通过50个生物标志物对生物健康评分（BHS）进行比较分析的结果。

IF 4.7 2区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

International immunopharmacology Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113767

Leila Nasiri , Hossein Hassanpour , Sussan Kaboudanian Ardestani , Tooba Ghazanfari , Davood Jamali , Elham Faghihzadeh , Mohammad-Reza Vaez-Mahdavi

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：芥子气作为一种化学武器在战争中被使用，它对人体的长期副作用是巨大的。本研究旨在应用一种扩展的适应负荷，即生物健康评分（BHS），包括四个生理系统（内分泌、炎症、心血管和代谢系统）的磨损，以估计硫磺芥（SM）毒性引起的生物健康。方法：在横断面研究中，收集了两组不同的男性个体的血清样本，其中包括1,236名在1987年两伊战争期间暴露于SM气体的个体。该组根据呼吸系统疾病分为三个亚组（哮喘19例，闭塞性细支气管炎92例，慢性支气管炎125例）；2) 64名健康成员，年龄和居住范围与未暴露组相同。为了估计改良后的BHS，测量了上述系统的50种血液来源生物标志物（或其比率）。结果：sm暴露组和呼吸系统疾病亚组BHS高于对照组（P < 0.05）。sm暴露组及其亚组的内分泌和代谢系统均高于对照组（P < 0.05）。相比之下，心血管和免疫/炎症系统在两组之间没有显着差异。主成分分析（PCA）确定了几个关键的生物标志物，包括淋巴细胞计数，LDH/淋巴细胞比率，胆固醇水平和中性粒细胞计数，作为SM暴露个体和相关呼吸系统疾病患者之间差异的主要贡献者。结论：改良的多体系BHS可用于更准确地评价慢性SM中毒的生物健康状况。在内分泌和代谢系统中观察到的失调强调了SM毒性的复杂性及其对生理稳态的广泛影响。

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Health assessment of sulfur mustard-chemical veterans with various respiratory diseases: The result of a comparative analysis of biological health scores (BHS) through 50 biomarkers

Background

Mustard gas as a chemical weapon has been used in wars and its long-term side effects are substantial in the human body. This study aimed to apply an extension of allostatic load, known as biological health score (BHS), including the wear-and-tear of four physiological systems (endocrine, inflammatory, cardiovascular, and metabolic systems) to estimate biological health caused by sulfur mustard (SM) toxicity.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, serum samples were collected from two distinct groups of male individuals including 1) 236 individuals who had been exposed to SM gas during the Iraq-Iran war in 1987. This group was divided into three subgroups based on their respiratory disorders (19 individuals with asthma, 92 individuals with bronchiolitis obliterans, and 125 individuals with chronic bronchitis); 2) 64 healthy members, at the same range of age and residence, as the non-exposed group. To estimate a modified BHS, 50 blood-derived biomarkers (or their ratios) of the mentioned systems were measured.

Results

The SM-exposed group and respiratory disease subgroups exhibited higher BHS than controls (P < 0.05). The endocrine and metabolic systems exhibited higher BHS in the SM-exposed group and its subgroups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In contrast, the cardiovascular and immune/inflammatory systems did not show significant differences between the groups. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified several key biomarkers, including lymphocyte count, the LDH/lymphocyte ratio, cholesterol levels, and neutrophil count, as major contributors to interpatient variation among individuals exposed to SM and those with related respiratory diseases.

Conclusion

The modified multisystem BHS could be useful in the more accurate evaluation of biological health in chronic SM toxicity. The dysregulation observed in the endocrine and metabolic systems underscores the complication of SM toxicity and its extensive consequences on physiological homeostasis.

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来源期刊

International immunopharmacology 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

3.60%

发文量

935

审稿时长

53 days

期刊介绍： International Immunopharmacology is the primary vehicle for the publication of original research papers pertinent to the overlapping areas of immunology, pharmacology, cytokine biology, immunotherapy, immunopathology and immunotoxicology. Review articles that encompass these subjects are also welcome. The subject material appropriate for submission includes: • Clinical studies employing immunotherapy of any type including the use of: bacterial and chemical agents; thymic hormones, interferon, lymphokines, etc., in transplantation and diseases such as cancer, immunodeficiency, chronic infection and allergic, inflammatory or autoimmune disorders. • Studies on the mechanisms of action of these agents for specific parameters of immune competence as well as the overall clinical state. • Pre-clinical animal studies and in vitro studies on mechanisms of action with immunopotentiators, immunomodulators, immunoadjuvants and other pharmacological agents active on cells participating in immune or allergic responses. • Pharmacological compounds, microbial products and toxicological agents that affect the lymphoid system, and their mechanisms of action. • Agents that activate genes or modify transcription and translation within the immune response. • Substances activated, generated, or released through immunologic or related pathways that are pharmacologically active. • Production, function and regulation of cytokines and their receptors. • Classical pharmacological studies on the effects of chemokines and bioactive factors released during immunological reactions.