高脂和高植物蛋白饲料影响石斑鱼生长性能、肝脏健康、胆汁酸代谢和肠道微生物群。

IF 6.1 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
Animal Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-09-26 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.aninu.2024.08.005
Jia Xu, Fan Wang, Chaoqun Hu, Junxiang Lai, Shiwei Xie, Kefu Yu, Fajun Jiang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

高脂饲料(HLD)和高植物蛋白饲料(HPD)具有潜在的节省鱼粉的作用,但对鱼类的肝脏健康和生长性能有负面影响。我们推测HLD和HPD通过调节肠道菌群和胆汁酸(BA)代谢来损害龙胆石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♂× Epinephelus lanceolatus♀)肝脏健康。试验设4个饲粮组:对照组饲粮(CD, 46.21%粗蛋白质,9.48%粗脂肪)、HLD(46.37%粗蛋白质,16.70%粗脂肪)、HPD(46.50%粗蛋白质,9.38%粗脂肪)和高脂-高植物蛋白饲粮(HLPD, 46.54%粗蛋白质,16.67%粗脂肪)。试验选取平均体重为15.22±0.03 g的300尾鱼,随机分为4个饲粮处理(每个饲粮处理3个槽重复,每个槽25尾鱼)。饲喂8周后,与CD组相比,HLD和HPD显著降低了末重(FBW)、增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)和采食量(FI),且HLD组使这些指标(P P P bsep)和多药耐药蛋白3 (mdr3)显著升高,而甾醇27-羟化酶(cyp27a1)、微体环氧化酶(meh)、顶钠依赖性胆汁酸转运蛋白(asbt)、多药耐药相关蛋白3 (mrp3)、法尼索酮X受体(fxr)和G蛋白偶联胆汁酸受体5 (tgr5)显著降低(pmdr3、asbt、mrp3、有机阴离子转运蛋白1 (oatp1)、meh、fxr和tgr5显著降低)
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dietary high lipid and high plant-protein affected growth performance, liver health, bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota in groupers.

High lipid diets (HLD) and high plant-protein diets (HPD) exhibit potential fishmeal-saving effects but negatively impact liver health and growth performance in fish. We hypothesized that HLD and HPD impair liver health in pearl gentian groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♂ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♀) through the modulation of intestinal microbiota and bile acid (BA) metabolism. Four diet groups were tested: control diet (CD, 46.21% crude protein, 9.48% crude lipid), HLD (46.37% crude protein, 16.70% crude lipid), HPD (46.50% crude protein, 9.38% crude lipid), and high lipid-high plant-protein diet (HLPD, 46.54% crude protein, 16.67% crude lipid). A total of 300 fish (average body weight = 15.22 ± 0.03 g) were randomly divided into 4 diet treatments (ensuring 3 tanks replicates of each diet treatment, each tank containing 25 fish). After an eight-week feeding period, the HLD and HPD significantly decreased the final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed intake (FI) in comparison to CD group, with HLPD exacerbating these indicators (P < 0.05). Compared to CD group, the content of total cholesterol (T-CHO) and triglyceride (TG) in liver and serum were significantly increased in HLD group (P < 0.05). Compared to HPD group, the content of T-CHO in liver was significantly decreased, the content of TG in liver and serum were significantly increased in HLPD group (P < 0.05). HLD, HPD, and HLPD impaired liver health by inducing histological damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Compared to CD group, the mRNA relative expression of bile salt export pump (bsep) and multidrug resistance protein 3 (mdr3) were significantly increased in HLD group, whereas the mRNA relative expression of sterol-27-hydroxylase (cyp27a1), microsomal epoxide hydrolase (meh), apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (asbt), multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 (mrp3), farnesoid X receptor (fxr) and G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 5 (tgr5) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Compared to CD group, the mRNA relative expression of mdr3, asbt, mrp3, organic anion transporters 1 (oatp1), meh, fxr and tgr5 were significantly decreased in HPD group (P < 0.05). In summary, HLD affects intestinal microbiota, BA metabolism, and lipid metabolism, leading to lipid deposition and liver damage. HPD regulates gut microbiota, BA metabolism, inflammatory responses, and BA receptor expression, impairing grouper liver health. HLPD synergistically combines the adverse effects of HLD and HPD on grouper liver health.

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来源期刊
Animal Nutrition
Animal Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
3.20%
发文量
172
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Animal Nutrition encompasses the full gamut of animal nutritional sciences and reviews including, but not limited to, fundamental aspects of animal nutrition such as nutritional requirements, metabolic studies, body composition, energetics, immunology, neuroscience, microbiology, genetics and molecular and cell biology related to nutrition, and more applied aspects of animal nutrition, such as raw material evaluation, feed additives, nutritive value of novel ingredients and feed safety.
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