Deep vein thrombosis and aneurysm co-occurrence: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: The co-occurrence of deep vein thrombosis with vascular aneurysms, whether venous or arterial, seems to be uncommon. This case report details a patient who experienced an isolated rupture of the right common iliac aneurysm 1 year after a deep vein thrombosis episode.

Case presentation: A 20-year-old Iranian female with a history of deep vein thrombosis DVT was treated with rivaroxaban but later presented with a ruptured right common iliac aneurysm. Surgical intervention was successful, but she developed persistent abdominal pain, small bowel obstruction, and a large pancreatic pseudocyst requiring drainage. Despite continued anticoagulant therapy, a thrombosed graft was observed, although the patient remains asymptomatic for organ ischemia or blood supply disorders.

Conclusion: The association of deep vein thrombosis with vascular aneurysms is a rare occurrence. It is important to consider aneurysm-related flow disturbances and compression effects on veins when evaluating patients with concurrent deep vein thrombosis and aneurysms. Behçet's disease, Hughes-Stovin syndrome, chronic traumatic arteriovenous fistula, and recurrent nontyphoidal Salmonella bacteremia can also contribute to this association.