三倍体诱导和培养密度对虹鳟幼鱼生长性能及应激、免疫和代谢反应的交互作用

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102540

Roghayeh Mahmoudi , Mahdi Naderi , Hakimeh Dopeikar , Seyed Ali Khorasaninasab , Seyed Hadi Seyedalhosseini

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本试验旨在探讨三倍体化和养殖密度对虹鳟鱼生产性能的影响。幼鱼（30.70 ± 1.04 g）随机放入24个玻璃纤维槽中，采用通流系统。试验设二倍体和三倍体两种倍体条件，培养密度分别为20（40鱼/箱）、30（59鱼/箱）、40（79鱼/箱）和50（99鱼/箱）kg/m3, 2 × 4因子设计。9周后，20、30和40 kg/m3水平的鱼末重、增重、特定生长率和蛋白质效率（PER）显著高于50 kg/m3水平（P <； 0.05），饲料系数（FCR）显著低于50 kg/m3水平（P < 0.05）。在50 kg/m3密度下，三倍体的FCR显著高于二倍体，PER显著低于二倍体（P <； 0.05）。在最高（50 kg/m3）密度下养殖的三倍体鱼血清皮质醇水平最高，渗透压和总抗氧化能力值最低，表明慢性高密度胁迫对三倍体的影响大于二倍体。50 kg/m3时，血清溶菌酶和替代补体（ACH50）活性及球蛋白含量显著降低（P <； 0.05）。因此，虹鳟鱼长期暴露于高培养密度（50 kg/m3）下，表现出免疫抑制的迹象。慢性高密度应激对肝功能有不良影响，导致血清ALT和AST活性升高（P <； 0.05）。此外，脂质储存（胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯）由于慢性高密度应激而减少。总体而言，高密度（50 kg/m3）对鱼的生产性能有负面影响，但中等养殖密度（20、30和40 kg/m3）对鱼的生长和应激、先天免疫和代谢反应没有影响。因此，三倍体虹鳟鱼幼鱼在养殖密度为40 kg/m3时具有较好的效果，可推荐用于水产养殖业。

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Interactive effects of triploidy induction and culture densities on growth performance and stress, immune, and metabolic responses in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

This experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of triploidization and culture densities on the performance of rainbow trout. Juveniles (30.70 ± 1.04 g) were randomly stocked into 24 fiberglass tanks with a flow-through system. The experiment was designed with two ploidy conditions (diploid and triploid) each with 20 (40 fish/tank), 30 (59 fish/tank), 40 (79 fish/tank), and 50 (99 fish/tank) kg/m³ culture densities, a 2 × 4 factorial design. After 9 weeks, final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio (PER) in fish cultured at 20, 30, and 40 kg/m³ were significantly higher and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was lower compared to those cultured at 50 kg/m³ (P < 0.05). Also, at 50 kg/m³ density, FCR in triploids was significantly higher and PER was lower compared to diploids (P < 0.05). Serum cortisol levels were highest and osmolality and total antioxidant capacity values were lowest in triploid fish cultured at the highest (50 kg/m³) density, indicating that triploids were affected more than diploids by chronic high density stress. Serum lysozyme and alternative complement (ACH50) activities and globulin content were significantly lower in fish cultured at 50 kg/m³ (P < 0.05). Thus, rainbow trout chronically exposed to high culture density (50 kg/m³) showed signs of immunosuppression. Chronic high density stress exhibited harmful impacts on liver functions, resulting in elevated activities of serum ALT and AST enzymes (P < 0.05). Also, lipid stores (cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglyceride) were depleted due to chronic high density stress. Overall, high density (50 kg/m³) negatively influenced fish performance, but moderate culture densities (20, 30, and 40 kg/m³) do not influence growth and stress, innate immune, and metabolic responses of fish. Thus, triploid rainbow trout juveniles can act well and be recommended to the aquaculture industry at a culture density of 40 kg/m³.

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.