甲型H5N1流感病毒在空气中的传播与哺乳动物的传播能力相对应

IF 20.5 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Nature Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI:10.1038/s41564-024-01885-6

Ilona I. Tosheva, Fabien Filaire, Willemijn F. Rijnink, Dennis de Meulder, Bianca van Kekem, Theo M. Bestebroer, Mathis Funk, Monique I. Spronken, C. Joaquin Cáceres, Daniel R. Perez, Mathilde Richard, Marion P. G. Koopmans, Pieter L. A. Fraaij, Ron A. M. Fouchier, Sander Herfst

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引用次数: 0

摘要

高致病性甲型H5N1禽流感病毒对哺乳动物的外溢事件有所增加，这表明选择了在哺乳动物中传播良好的病毒。在这里，我们使用空气采样装置连续采样实验感染雪貂排出的传染性流感病毒。由此产生的定量病毒脱落动力学数据与雪貂-雪貂传播研究相似，并表明早期A（H5N1）病毒未观察到传播是由于空气中缺乏传染性病毒脱落，而不是缺乏必要的哺乳动物适应突变。虽然传染性人甲型H1N1pdm病毒在空气中有效传播，但在空气中未检测到传染性2005人畜共患病病毒和2024牛甲型H5N1病毒。相比之下，感染2022年欧洲狐獴a （H5N1）病毒和从一名奶牛场工人身上分离的2024年a （H5N1）病毒的4只雪貂中有1只出现了传染性病毒的脱落。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

Influenza A(H5N1) shedding in air corresponds to transmissibility in mammals

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Influenza A(H5N1) shedding in air corresponds to transmissibility in mammals

An increase in spillover events of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses to mammals suggests selection of viruses that transmit well in mammals. Here we use air-sampling devices to continuously sample infectious influenza viruses expelled by experimentally infected ferrets. The resulting quantitative virus shedding kinetics data resembled ferret-to-ferret transmission studies and indicated that the absence of transmission observed for earlier A(H5N1) viruses was due to a lack of infectious virus shedding in the air, rather than the absence of necessary mammalian adaptation mutations. Whereas infectious human A(H1N1pdm) virus was efficiently shed in the air, infectious 2005 zoonotic and 2024 bovine A(H5N1) viruses were not detected in the air. By contrast, shedding of infectious virus was observed for 1 out of 4 ferrets infected with a 2022 European polecat A(H5N1) virus and a 2024 A(H5N1) virus isolated from a dairy farm worker. Spillover of avian A(H5N1) influenza virus to mammals may favour adaptation to these new hosts. Air sampling of infected ferrets shows that recent A(H5N1) strains, including one from a human case linked to the US cattle outbreak, are efficiently expelled into the air.

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来源期刊

Nature Microbiology Immunology and Microbiology-Microbiology

CiteScore

44.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

226

期刊介绍： Nature Microbiology aims to cover a comprehensive range of topics related to microorganisms. This includes: Evolution: The journal is interested in exploring the evolutionary aspects of microorganisms. This may include research on their genetic diversity, adaptation, and speciation over time. Physiology and cell biology: Nature Microbiology seeks to understand the functions and characteristics of microorganisms at the cellular and physiological levels. This may involve studying their metabolism, growth patterns, and cellular processes. Interactions: The journal focuses on the interactions microorganisms have with each other, as well as their interactions with hosts or the environment. This encompasses investigations into microbial communities, symbiotic relationships, and microbial responses to different environments. Societal significance: Nature Microbiology recognizes the societal impact of microorganisms and welcomes studies that explore their practical applications. This may include research on microbial diseases, biotechnology, or environmental remediation. In summary, Nature Microbiology is interested in research related to the evolution, physiology and cell biology of microorganisms, their interactions, and their societal relevance.