作物驯化是否改变了根系对土壤机械阻抗响应的适应性格局?一项模拟分析

IF 3.6 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Harini Rangarajan, Jonathan P Lynch
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景和目的:具有较强穿透能力的根轴通常被认为对硬土有益。我们假设,在原生(未开垦的原始土壤)土壤中,可塑性较强的玉米根表型(即对机械阻抗的伸长减少,即 "停止信号")比可塑性较弱的表型(即根的伸长畅通无阻)具有适生优势,因为它们将根的觅食重新分配到较软、可能较湿的土壤区域,而停止信号的价值随着土壤耕作和作物驯化而降低:我们使用 OpenSimRoot 模拟了原生土壤和耕作土壤,并评估了在与新石器时代农业相关的水、氮和阻抗条件下具有不同轴向和侧向根穿透能力的玉米根表型:停止信号在原生土壤中是有利的,但在栽培灌溉土壤中则不那么有利。在坚硬、干燥的表层土壤中减少根的觅食,使根能够在有水的深层土壤中生长,从而改善了资源支出和获取的平衡。在作物驯化过程中,随着灌溉的出现,表土中的水分供应量增加,停止信号的价值也随之下降。土壤耕作降低了氮的可用性,而灌溉则增加了氮的沥滤,从而导致适应性景观发生变化,更长的侧根(即可塑性降低)通过将根的觅食与氮的可用性集中在一起而变得有利。在干旱成为限制因素的现代高投入系统中,停止信号的重要性显而易见:我们的研究结果支持以下假设:在原生土壤中,通过机械阻抗减少侧根生长是适应性的,但随着与新石器时代农业相关的土壤耕作和灌溉,其适应性降低。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Did Crop Domestication Change the Fitness Landscape of Root Response to Soil Mechanical Impedance? An in-silico Analysis.

Background and aims: Root axes with greater penetration ability are often considered to be beneficial in hard soils. We hypothesized that maize root phenotypes with greater plasticity (meaning reduced elongation in response to mechanical impedance, i.e. a 'stop signal') have fitness advantages over phenotypes with reduced plasticity (i.e. unimpeded root elongation) in native (virgin, uncultivated) soils, by reallocating root foraging to softer, presumably wetter, soil domains, and that the value of the stop signal reduced with soil cultivation and crop domestication.

Methods: We used OpenSimRoot to simulate native and cultivated soils and evaluated maize root phenotypes with varying axial and lateral root penetration ability in water, nitrogen, and impedance regimes associated with Neolithic agriculture.

Key results: The stop signal was advantageous in native soils but was less beneficial in cultivated, irrigated soils. Reduced root foraging in hard, dry topsoil enabled root growth in deeper domains where water is available, resulting in an improved balance of resource expenditure and acquisition. The value of the stop signal declined during crop domestication with the advent of irrigation, which increased water availability in the topsoil. Soil cultivation reduced N availability, while irrigation increased N leaching, resulting in a shift in the fitness landscape, with greater lateral root length (i.e. reduced plasticity) being advantageous by colocalizing root foraging with N availability. The importance of the stop signal is evident in modern high-input systems in which drought is a limiting factor.

Conclusions: Our results support the hypotheses that the reduction of lateral root growth by mechanical impedance is adaptive in native soil, but became less adaptive with soil cultivation and irrigation associated with Neolithic agriculture.

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来源期刊
Annals of botany
Annals of botany 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
4.80%
发文量
138
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Annals of Botany is an international plant science journal publishing novel and rigorous research in all areas of plant science. It is published monthly in both electronic and printed forms with at least two extra issues each year that focus on a particular theme in plant biology. The Journal is managed by the Annals of Botany Company, a not-for-profit educational charity established to promote plant science worldwide. The Journal publishes original research papers, invited and submitted review articles, ''Research in Context'' expanding on original work, ''Botanical Briefings'' as short overviews of important topics, and ''Viewpoints'' giving opinions. All papers in each issue are summarized briefly in Content Snapshots , there are topical news items in the Plant Cuttings section and Book Reviews . A rigorous review process ensures that readers are exposed to genuine and novel advances across a wide spectrum of botanical knowledge. All papers aim to advance knowledge and make a difference to our understanding of plant science.
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