{"title":"产甲烷古菌的固氮作用、文献综述和基于 DNA 数据库的分析;面对气候变化的意义","authors":"Zubia Riyaz, Shams Tabrez Khan","doi":"10.1007/s00203-024-04191-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Archaea represents a significant population of up to 10% in soil microbial communities. The role of Archaea in soil is often overlooked mainly due to its unculturability. Among the three domains of life biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is mainly a trait of Eubacteria and some Archaea. Archaea mediated processes like BNF may become even more important in the face of global Climate change. Although there are reports on nitrogen fixation by Archaea, to best of our knowledge there is no comprehensive report on BNF by Archaea under environmental stresses typical to climate change. Here we report a survey of literature and DNA database to study N<sub>2</sub>-fixation among Archaea. A total of 37 Archaea belonging to Methanogens of the phylum Euryarchaeota within the class Methanococcus, Methanomicrobia Methanobacteria, and Methanotrophic ANME2 lineages either contain genes for BNF or are known to fix atmospheric N<sub>2</sub>. Archaea were found to have their <i>nif</i> genes arranged as clusters of 6–8 genes in a single operon. The genes code for commonly found Mo-nitrogenase while in some archaea the genes for alternative metal nitrogenases like <i>vnf</i> were also found. The <i>nifHDK</i> gene similarity matrices show that Archaea shared the highest similarity with the <i>nifHDK</i> gene of anaerobic <i>Clostridium beijerinckii</i>. Although there are various theories about the origin of N<sub>2</sub>-fixation in Archaea, the most acceptable is the origin of N<sub>2</sub>-fixation first in bacteria and its subsequent transfer to Archaea. Since Archaea can survive under extreme environmental conditions their role in BNF should be studied especially in soil under environmental stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Nitrogen fixation by methanogenic Archaea, literature review and DNA database-based analysis; significance in face of climate change\",\"authors\":\"Zubia Riyaz, Shams Tabrez Khan\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00203-024-04191-1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Archaea represents a significant population of up to 10% in soil microbial communities. The role of Archaea in soil is often overlooked mainly due to its unculturability. Among the three domains of life biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is mainly a trait of Eubacteria and some Archaea. Archaea mediated processes like BNF may become even more important in the face of global Climate change. Although there are reports on nitrogen fixation by Archaea, to best of our knowledge there is no comprehensive report on BNF by Archaea under environmental stresses typical to climate change. Here we report a survey of literature and DNA database to study N<sub>2</sub>-fixation among Archaea. A total of 37 Archaea belonging to Methanogens of the phylum Euryarchaeota within the class Methanococcus, Methanomicrobia Methanobacteria, and Methanotrophic ANME2 lineages either contain genes for BNF or are known to fix atmospheric N<sub>2</sub>. Archaea were found to have their <i>nif</i> genes arranged as clusters of 6–8 genes in a single operon. The genes code for commonly found Mo-nitrogenase while in some archaea the genes for alternative metal nitrogenases like <i>vnf</i> were also found. The <i>nifHDK</i> gene similarity matrices show that Archaea shared the highest similarity with the <i>nifHDK</i> gene of anaerobic <i>Clostridium beijerinckii</i>. Although there are various theories about the origin of N<sub>2</sub>-fixation in Archaea, the most acceptable is the origin of N<sub>2</sub>-fixation first in bacteria and its subsequent transfer to Archaea. Since Archaea can survive under extreme environmental conditions their role in BNF should be studied especially in soil under environmental stress.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":8279,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Archives of Microbiology\",\"volume\":\"207 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-29\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Archives of Microbiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00203-024-04191-1\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MICROBIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Archives of Microbiology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00203-024-04191-1","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Nitrogen fixation by methanogenic Archaea, literature review and DNA database-based analysis; significance in face of climate change
Archaea represents a significant population of up to 10% in soil microbial communities. The role of Archaea in soil is often overlooked mainly due to its unculturability. Among the three domains of life biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is mainly a trait of Eubacteria and some Archaea. Archaea mediated processes like BNF may become even more important in the face of global Climate change. Although there are reports on nitrogen fixation by Archaea, to best of our knowledge there is no comprehensive report on BNF by Archaea under environmental stresses typical to climate change. Here we report a survey of literature and DNA database to study N2-fixation among Archaea. A total of 37 Archaea belonging to Methanogens of the phylum Euryarchaeota within the class Methanococcus, Methanomicrobia Methanobacteria, and Methanotrophic ANME2 lineages either contain genes for BNF or are known to fix atmospheric N2. Archaea were found to have their nif genes arranged as clusters of 6–8 genes in a single operon. The genes code for commonly found Mo-nitrogenase while in some archaea the genes for alternative metal nitrogenases like vnf were also found. The nifHDK gene similarity matrices show that Archaea shared the highest similarity with the nifHDK gene of anaerobic Clostridium beijerinckii. Although there are various theories about the origin of N2-fixation in Archaea, the most acceptable is the origin of N2-fixation first in bacteria and its subsequent transfer to Archaea. Since Archaea can survive under extreme environmental conditions their role in BNF should be studied especially in soil under environmental stress.
期刊介绍:
Research papers must make a significant and original contribution to
microbiology and be of interest to a broad readership. The results of any
experimental approach that meets these objectives are welcome, particularly
biochemical, molecular genetic, physiological, and/or physical investigations into
microbial cells and their interactions with their environments, including their eukaryotic hosts.
Mini-reviews in areas of special topical interest and papers on medical microbiology, ecology and systematics, including description of novel taxa, are also published.
Theoretical papers and those that report on the analysis or ''mining'' of data are
acceptable in principle if new information, interpretations, or hypotheses
emerge.