Innovative Al6061-gadolinium oxide ods alloys: fabrication and comprehensive characterization of microstructural, physical, mechanical, and radiation shielding properties

This study explores the development and comprehensive characterization of Al6061-Gd₂O₃ composites, designed to enhance radiation shielding and mechanical properties for critical applications in environments exposed to ionizing radiation. The purpose of this research is to assess the effectiveness of Gd₂O₃ as a reinforcing material for Al6061, with the aim of creating a dual-function composite that combines structural integrity with superior gamma-ray and neutron attenuation capabilities. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we analyzed the microstructural effects of varying Gd₂O₃ content, observing homogeneous dispersion at low concentrations and clustering at higher levels. Mechanical properties demonstrated that increased Gd₂O₃ content reduces the elastic modulus, indicating a trade-off between stiffness and shielding efficiency. Radiation shielding parameters, including Transmission Factor (TF), mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), and Fast Neutron Removal Cross Section (FNRCS), were evaluated through Phy-X/PSD and PHITS Monte Carlo simulations. Results indicate that Gd₂O₃ reinforcement significantly improves gamma-ray and neutron shielding, particularly at higher concentrations, making the composite viable for non-structural applications prioritizing radiation protection. The findings from this study highlight the potential of Gd₂O₃-reinforced Al6061 composites to serve as effective shielding materials in environments where radiation exposure is a primary concern.