等等,WAIS-5 的弗林效应在哪里?

IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Emily L Winter, Sierra M Trudel, Alan S Kaufman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在其前身 WAIS-IV 发布十五年之后,最近 WAIS-5 的发布立即引发了有关弗林效应(FE)的问题。在美国,所有韦氏量表的全量表智商以及其他全球智商分数都确定了每十年儿童和成人的传统 FE,这种 FE 是否会持续到 2020 年代?WAIS-5 技术与解释手册》提供了两项直接针对弗林效应的平衡效度研究--N = 186 名青少年和成人(16-90 岁,平均年龄 = 47.8 岁)接受 WAIS-IV 和 WAIS-5 测试;N = 98 名 16 岁儿童接受 WISC-V 和 WAIS-5 测试。美国智力与发育障碍协会(AAIDD)、DSM-5-TR 和死刑案例都将 FE 纳入了智力障碍诊断标准。两项平衡研究的意外结果是,弗林效应从预期的 3 点智商降低到了 1.2 点。这些发现提出了一些有趣的问题,即是否应继续对智力残疾诊断的 FSIQ 进行 3 点调整,以及联邦法院是否应重新考虑其对死刑案件和其他高风险决策的指导原则。局限性包括缺乏对儿童的普遍性、实践效果的影响以及样本量较小。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Wait, Where's the Flynn Effect on the WAIS-5?

The recent release of the WAIS-5, a decade and a half after its predecessor, the WAIS-IV, raises immediate questions about the Flynn effect (FE). Does the traditional FE of points per decade in the U.S. for children and adults, identified for the Full Scale IQs of all Wechsler scales and for other global IQ scores as well, persist into the 2020s? The WAIS-5 Technical and Interpretive Manual provides two counterbalanced validity studies that address the Flynn effect directly-N = 186 adolescents and adults (16-90 years, mean age = 47.8) tested on the WAIS-IV and WAIS-5; and N = 98 16-year-olds tested on the WISC-V and WAIS-5. The FE is incorporated into the diagnostic criteria for intellectual disabilities by the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD), by DSM-5-TR, and in capital punishment cases. The unexpected result of the two counterbalanced studies was a reduction in the Flynn effect from the expected value of 3 IQ points to 1.2 points. These findings raise interesting questions regarding whether the three point adjustment to FSIQs should be continued for intellectual disability diagnosis and whether the federal courts should rethink its guidelines for capital punishment cases and other instances of high stakes decision-making. Limitations include a lack of generalization to children, the impact of the practice effects, and a small sample size.

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来源期刊
Journal of Intelligence
Journal of Intelligence Social Sciences-Education
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
17.10%
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11 weeks
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