人畜共患病病毒蓄养宿主的细胞凋亡调节。

IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY
Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI:10.3390/v16111733
Anantika Chandra, Sannula Kesavardhana
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引用次数: 0

摘要

源于蝙蝠和鸟类等贮存宿主的人畜共患病病毒经常会导致人类患上严重疾病并爆发疫情。人畜共患病病毒传播后,受感染的细胞会产生先天性免疫反应,包括激活程序性细胞死亡途径,将先天性免疫细胞招募到感染部位并消除病毒复制壁龛。不同的炎性和非炎性细胞死亡途径,如热凋亡、细胞凋亡、坏死凋亡和泛凋亡,在人畜共患病期间可同时激活,导致死亡和发病。受控的 PAN 细胞凋亡激活对感染期间的病毒清除和恢复组织稳态至关重要,而不受控制的 PAN 细胞凋亡激活则会在人畜共患病毒感染期间导致免疫病理。耐人寻味的是,蝙蝠和鸟类等人畜共患病毒的动物宿主似乎具有独特的免疫耐受适应性,使它们能够宿主病毒而不致病。蝙蝠和鸟类对病毒具有高度耐受性的机制尚不清楚。在本视角综述中,我们将讨论蝙蝠和鸟类的 PAN 细胞凋亡通路的调控,并指出它们是如何与临床症状轻微、无免疫病理的病毒共存的。因此,了解蝙蝠和鸟类的泛凋亡机制可能有助于我们制定遏制人畜共患病在人类中爆发的策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
PANoptosis Regulation in Reservoir Hosts of Zoonotic Viruses.

Zoonotic viruses originating from reservoir hosts, such as bats and birds, often cause severe illness and outbreaks amongst humans. Upon zoonotic virus transmission, infected cells mount innate immune responses that include the activation of programmed cell death pathways to recruit innate immune cells to the site of infection and eliminate viral replication niches. Different inflammatory and non-inflammatory cell death pathways, such as pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, and PANoptosis can undergo concurrent activation in humans leading to mortality and morbidity during zoonosis. While controlled activation of PANoptosis is vital for viral clearance during infection and restoring tissue homeostasis, uncontrolled PANoptosis activation results in immunopathology during zoonotic virus infections. Intriguingly, animal reservoirs of zoonotic viruses, such as bats and birds, appear to have a unique immune tolerance adaptation, allowing them to host viruses without succumbing to disease. The mechanisms facilitating high viral tolerance in bats and birds are poorly understood. In this perspective review, we discuss the regulation of PANoptotic pathways in bats and birds and indicate how they co-exist with viruses with mild clinical signs and no immunopathology. Understanding the PANoptotic machinery of bats and birds may thus assist us in devising strategies to contain zoonotic outbreaks amongst humans.

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来源期刊
Viruses-Basel
Viruses-Basel VIROLOGY-
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
12.80%
发文量
2445
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915) is an open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies of viruses. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications, conference reports and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. We also encourage the publication of timely reviews and commentaries on topics of interest to the virology community and feature highlights from the virology literature in the ''News and Views'' section. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.
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