Zuberwasim Sayyad, Dhiraj Acharya, Michaela U Gack
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引用次数: 0
摘要
疱疹病毒是一种无处不在的 DNA 病毒,可在人体内潜伏并引发一系列轻微到危及生命的疾病。感染后,疱疹病毒会触发多种宿主抗病毒防御程序的激活,这些程序在遏制病毒复制和传播方面发挥着至关重要的作用。许多研究小组最近的工作整合了我们对 TRIM(三方基序)蛋白的认识,这是一组特殊的 E3 连接酶,是哺乳动物抗病毒免疫的关键协调者。在这篇综述中,我们总结了 TRIM 蛋白在疱疹病毒感染过程中调节先天性免疫信号的最新进展,重点是 cGAS-STING、RIG-I 样受体和 Toll 样受体对单纯疱疹病毒 1 型(HSV-1,一种原型疱疹病毒)的检测。我们还回顾了在理解疱疹病毒复制与 TRIM 蛋白调控的自噬和细胞凋亡之间错综复杂的关系方面取得的最新进展。最后,我们讨论了 HSV-1 和其他疱疹病毒用来克服 TRIM 蛋白介导的病毒限制的方法。
TRIM Proteins: Key Regulators of Immunity to Herpesvirus Infection.
Herpesviruses are ubiquitous DNA viruses that can establish latency and cause a range of mild to life-threatening diseases in humans. Upon infection, herpesviruses trigger the activation of several host antiviral defense programs that play critical roles in curbing virus replication and dissemination. Recent work from many groups has integrated our understanding of TRIM (tripartite motif) proteins, a specific group of E3 ligase enzymes, as pivotal orchestrators of mammalian antiviral immunity. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the modulation of innate immune signaling by TRIM proteins during herpesvirus infection, with a focus on the detection of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1, a prototype herpesvirus) by cGAS-STING, RIG-I-like receptors, and Toll-like receptors. We also review the latest progress in understanding the intricate relationship between herpesvirus replication and TRIM protein-regulated autophagy and apoptosis. Finally, we discuss the maneuvers used by HSV-1 and other herpesviruses to overcome TRIM protein-mediated virus restriction.
期刊介绍:
Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915) is an open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies of viruses. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, communications, conference reports and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. We also encourage the publication of timely reviews and commentaries on topics of interest to the virology community and feature highlights from the virology literature in the ''News and Views'' section. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.