意大利中部阿布鲁佐和莫利塞地区基于病理学的动物癌症登记：十年回顾性研究（2014-2023）》。

IF 2 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI:10.3390/vetsci11110521

Giovanni Di Teodoro, Francesca Cito, Romolo Salini, Marina Baffoni, Sabrina V P Defourny, Antonio Cocco, Nicola D'Alterio, Chiara Palmieri, Antonio Petrini

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引用次数: 0

摘要

宠物在癌症研究中起着至关重要的作用。具体来说，猫狗与主人共享同一环境，因此可以作为自然发生的肿瘤的哨兵，这些肿瘤与暴露于环境危害有关。对肿瘤类型进行定量比较可揭示癌症的异常发生频率，为特定领域的研究提供方向，并提出癌症致因假设和确定风险因素。本研究旨在描述由阿布鲁佐和莫利塞实验动物研究所（IZSAM）管理的基于病理学的动物癌症登记处在 10 年活动期间（2014-2023 年）收集的数据，并评估其潜在的流行病学相关性。研究人员描述、分析并比较了狗和猫的肿瘤形貌和形态频率。考虑到物种、品种、性别、饮食和生活环境等潜在风险因素，计算了发病比例（PMR）。数据库包括 5311 个肿瘤（狗为 4719 个，猫为 592 个），其中雌性肿瘤发病率较高（狗为 67.3%，猫为 61.2%）。首次确诊肿瘤时的平均年龄男女相似，狗略低于猫。PMRs 强调了特定地形肿瘤发生的某些风险和 "保护 "因素。血液和造血系统（PMR = 0.44；95% CI：0.21-0.94）、皮肤和皮下组织（PMR = 0.70；95% CI：0.61-0.80）、口腔和咽部（PMR = 0.60；95% CI：0.24-0.89）、泌尿器官（PMR = 0.33；95% CI：0.11-0.99）以及骨骼、关节和软骨（PMR = 0.72；95% CI：0.22-0.98），未绝育公犬的这些指标均低于绝育公犬。未绝育的母犬患乳腺肿瘤（PMR = 1.75；95% CI：1.57-1.96）、雌性性器官肿瘤（PMR = 2.12；95% CI：1.01-4.36）和呼吸系统肿瘤（PMR = 2.25；95% CI：1.55-6.74），但与绝育母犬相比，患皮肤和皮下组织肿瘤（PMR = 0.44；95% CI：0.38-0.51）和血液/造血系统肿瘤（PMR = 0.47；95% CI：0.26-0.85）的风险较低。与混种犬相比，纯种犬患乳腺肿瘤的风险明显更高（PMR = 1.36；95% CI：1.20-1.54），患呼吸系统肿瘤（PMR = 0.15；95% CI：0.07-0.32）、胃肠道肿瘤（PMR = 0.63；95% CI：0.34-0.94）和口腔肿瘤（PMR = 0.59；95% CI：0.36-0.96）的风险较低。与绝育公猫相比，未绝育公猫患皮肤和皮下肿瘤的风险较低（PMR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.50-0.92）。主要生活在户外的狗和猫患皮肤和皮下组织肿瘤的风险更高（PMR 狗 = 1.21；95% CI：1.10-1.33；PMR 猫 = 1.18；95% CI：1.08-1.47），而主要生活在室内的狗患乳腺肿瘤的风险更高（PMR = 0.78；95% CI：0.68-0.89）。本文描述的结果凸显了动物癌症登记计划的重要作用。这些努力将有助于开展多中心合作研究，从比较的角度加深对猫狗肿瘤流行病学的了解，从而实现 "同一健康 "的目标。

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Pathology-Based Animal Cancer Registry of Abruzzo and Molise Regions (Central Italy): A Ten-Year Retrospective Study (2014-2023).

Pets have a crucial role in cancer research. Specifically, dogs and cats share the same environment as their owners and thus may serve as sentinels of naturally occurring tumors that are linked to the exposure to environmental hazards. Quantitative comparison of tumor types may reveal unusual cancer frequencies, providing directions for research and generation of hypotheses of cancer causation in a specific area and identification of risk factors. The aim of this study was to describe the data collected by the pathology-based animal cancer registry, managed by Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise (IZSAM), during 10 years of activity (2014-2023) and to assess its potential epidemiological relevance. Frequencies of tumor topography and morphology in dogs and cats were described, analyzed and compared. Proportional morbidity ratios (PMRs) were calculated, taking into consideration some potential risk factors such as species, breed, sex, diet and living environment. The database comprises 5311 tumors (n = 4719 in dogs and n = 592 in cats), with a higher prevalence in females (67.3% in dogs and 61.2% in cats). The mean age at the first diagnosis of tumors was similar between sexes and slightly lower in dogs compared to cats. PMRs highlighted certain risk and "protective" factors for the development of tumors in specific topography. The risk of developing tumors of the blood and hematopoietic system (PMR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.21-0.94), skin and subcutaneous tissues (PMR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.61-0.80), oral cavity and pharynx (PMR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.24-0.89), urinary organs (PMR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.11-0.99) and bones, joints and cartilage (PMR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.22-0.98) was lower in non-neutered male dogs than in neutered male dogs. Non-spayed female dogs had a greater risk of developing tumors of the mammary gland (PMR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.57-1.96), female sexual organs (PMR = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.01-4.36) and respiratory system (PMR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.55-6.74) but less risk for cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue tumors (PMR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.38-0.51) and blood/hematopoietic system tumors (PMR = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.26-0.85) compared to spayed female dogs. Compared with mixed breed, purebred dogs had a significantly greater risk of developing mammary gland tumors (PMR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.20-1.54) and lower risk for respiratory (PMR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.07-0.32), gastrointestinal (PMR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.34-0.94) and oral (PMR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.36-0.96) neoplasia. Non-neutered male cats had a lower risk of developing skin and subcutaneous tumors (PMR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.50-0.92) compared with neutered cats. The risk of developing skin and subcutaneous tissues tumors was higher for dogs and cats that lived mostly outdoor (PMR dogs = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.10-1.33; PMR cats = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.08-1.47), while dogs that live mainly indoor had a greater risk to develop mammary gland tumors (PMR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.68-0.89). Results described herein highlight the fundamental role of animal cancer registration initiatives. These efforts would contribute to the possibility of conducting multicentric collaborative studies to deepen the knowledge of the epidemiology of tumors in dogs and cats from a comparative perspective, thus fulfilling the One Health approach.

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来源期刊

Veterinary Sciences VETERINARY SCIENCES-

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

8.30%

发文量

612

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： Veterinary Sciences is an international and interdisciplinary scholarly open access journal. It publishes original that are relevant to any field of veterinary sciences, including prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, disorder and injury in animals. This journal covers almost all topics related to animal health and veterinary medicine. Research fields of interest include but are not limited to: anaesthesiology anatomy bacteriology biochemistry cardiology dentistry dermatology embryology endocrinology epidemiology genetics histology immunology microbiology molecular biology mycology neurobiology oncology ophthalmology parasitology pathology pharmacology physiology radiology surgery theriogenology toxicology virology.