Mariem Chamtouri, Abderrahmen Merghni, Katherine Miranda-Cadena, Nabil Sakly, Naoufel Gaddour, Clara G de Los Reyes-Gavilán, Maha Mastouri, Elena Eraso, Guillermo Quindós
{"title":"从突尼斯自闭症谱系障碍儿童肠道微生物群中分离出的酵母的特征。","authors":"Mariem Chamtouri, Abderrahmen Merghni, Katherine Miranda-Cadena, Nabil Sakly, Naoufel Gaddour, Clara G de Los Reyes-Gavilán, Maha Mastouri, Elena Eraso, Guillermo Quindós","doi":"10.3390/jof10110730","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in autism has primarily focused on bacteria, with limited attention to fungi. There is a growing interest in understanding the involvement of fungi, particularly <i>Candida</i>, in patients with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, antifungal susceptibility profiles and virulence factors of <i>Candida</i> isolates from the guts of Tunisian children with autism. Twenty-eight children with autism and forty-six controls were enrolled. <i>Candida</i> isolates from the faecal samples were identified using biochemical and molecular methods; antifungal susceptibility testing was determined by the EUCAST broth microdilution method and virulence factors, including biofilm formation, cell surface hydrophobicity and phospholipase and proteinase activities, were assessed in vitro. As a result, <i>Candida</i> was detected in 13 children with autism (46.4%) and 14 control children (30.4%). <i>Candida albicans</i> was found to be the most common species isolate in the faeces of both groups of children. Antifungal susceptibility profiles showed that one <i>Candida</i> isolate was resistant to amphotericin B and anidulafungin (3.7%), six were resistant to micafungin (22.2%) and five were resistant to fluconazole (18.5%). All <i>Candida</i> isolates were biofilm producers. Of the twenty-seven isolates, only four showed phospholipase activity (14.8%), eight showed aspartyl-proteinase activity (29.6%) and nine were hydrophobic (33.3%). These results highlight the presence of <i>Candida</i> in the guts of children with autism, as well as the ability to express multiple virulence factors and the antifungal resistance, and they emphasize the need for further studies to confirm intestinal <i>Candida</i> colonization and its potential role in autism.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"10 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11595294/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Characterization of Yeast Isolated from the Gut Microbiota of Tunisian Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.\",\"authors\":\"Mariem Chamtouri, Abderrahmen Merghni, Katherine Miranda-Cadena, Nabil Sakly, Naoufel Gaddour, Clara G de Los Reyes-Gavilán, Maha Mastouri, Elena Eraso, Guillermo Quindós\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/jof10110730\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Research on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in autism has primarily focused on bacteria, with limited attention to fungi. There is a growing interest in understanding the involvement of fungi, particularly <i>Candida</i>, in patients with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, antifungal susceptibility profiles and virulence factors of <i>Candida</i> isolates from the guts of Tunisian children with autism. Twenty-eight children with autism and forty-six controls were enrolled. <i>Candida</i> isolates from the faecal samples were identified using biochemical and molecular methods; antifungal susceptibility testing was determined by the EUCAST broth microdilution method and virulence factors, including biofilm formation, cell surface hydrophobicity and phospholipase and proteinase activities, were assessed in vitro. As a result, <i>Candida</i> was detected in 13 children with autism (46.4%) and 14 control children (30.4%). <i>Candida albicans</i> was found to be the most common species isolate in the faeces of both groups of children. Antifungal susceptibility profiles showed that one <i>Candida</i> isolate was resistant to amphotericin B and anidulafungin (3.7%), six were resistant to micafungin (22.2%) and five were resistant to fluconazole (18.5%). All <i>Candida</i> isolates were biofilm producers. Of the twenty-seven isolates, only four showed phospholipase activity (14.8%), eight showed aspartyl-proteinase activity (29.6%) and nine were hydrophobic (33.3%). These results highlight the presence of <i>Candida</i> in the guts of children with autism, as well as the ability to express multiple virulence factors and the antifungal resistance, and they emphasize the need for further studies to confirm intestinal <i>Candida</i> colonization and its potential role in autism.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15878,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Fungi\",\"volume\":\"10 11\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11595294/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Fungi\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10110730\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MICROBIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Fungi","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10110730","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Characterization of Yeast Isolated from the Gut Microbiota of Tunisian Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Research on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in autism has primarily focused on bacteria, with limited attention to fungi. There is a growing interest in understanding the involvement of fungi, particularly Candida, in patients with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, antifungal susceptibility profiles and virulence factors of Candida isolates from the guts of Tunisian children with autism. Twenty-eight children with autism and forty-six controls were enrolled. Candida isolates from the faecal samples were identified using biochemical and molecular methods; antifungal susceptibility testing was determined by the EUCAST broth microdilution method and virulence factors, including biofilm formation, cell surface hydrophobicity and phospholipase and proteinase activities, were assessed in vitro. As a result, Candida was detected in 13 children with autism (46.4%) and 14 control children (30.4%). Candida albicans was found to be the most common species isolate in the faeces of both groups of children. Antifungal susceptibility profiles showed that one Candida isolate was resistant to amphotericin B and anidulafungin (3.7%), six were resistant to micafungin (22.2%) and five were resistant to fluconazole (18.5%). All Candida isolates were biofilm producers. Of the twenty-seven isolates, only four showed phospholipase activity (14.8%), eight showed aspartyl-proteinase activity (29.6%) and nine were hydrophobic (33.3%). These results highlight the presence of Candida in the guts of children with autism, as well as the ability to express multiple virulence factors and the antifungal resistance, and they emphasize the need for further studies to confirm intestinal Candida colonization and its potential role in autism.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X) is an international, peer-reviewed scientific open access journal that provides an advanced forum for studies related to pathogenic fungi, fungal biology, and all other aspects of fungal research. The journal publishes reviews, regular research papers, and communications in quarterly issues. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on paper length. Full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.