Sajeda Akter, Parveen Afroz Chowdhury, Marufatuzzahan, Al Hakim, Mehejabin Nurunnahar, Md Asraful Jahan, Md Siraj Uddin, Abul Kalam Azad
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The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined using the microdilution method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Onychomycosis was more prevalent in males (53%) than females, toenails (57%) than fingernails, and commercial employees (40%) than other employees or unemployed. Fungal growth was observed in 92.5% nail samples. DM, NDM, and yeasts caused 46%, 35%, and 19% onychomycosis, respectively. <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i> and <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i> were the common DM. Five different genus of NDM and three different yeasts were isolated. The KA of DM was 30-45% higher than that of NDM and yeasts. All fungal isolates (FI) were resistant to griseofulvin and fluconazole. However, 71%, 64%, and 36% of FI were sensitive to terbinafine hydrochloride, nystatin, and ketoconazole, respectively, while 84% of DM and 46% of NDM were multidrug-resistant. The MIC and MFC of these antifungals against FI ranged from micrograms to milligrams.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multidrug resistance is growing in keratinolytic DM and NDM.</p>","PeriodicalId":12773,"journal":{"name":"Future microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Multidrug-resistant keratinolytic dermatophytes and non-dermatophytes causing onychomycosis in outpatients.\",\"authors\":\"Sajeda Akter, Parveen Afroz Chowdhury, Marufatuzzahan, Al Hakim, Mehejabin Nurunnahar, Md Asraful Jahan, Md Siraj Uddin, Abul Kalam Azad\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/17460913.2024.2428140\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study identified and determined antibiograms of keratinolytic dermatophytes (DM), non-dermatophytic molds (NDM), and yeasts causing onychomycosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics were used to identify DM and NDM. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目的：本研究鉴定并确定了引起甲癣的角化溶解性皮真菌（DM）、非皮真菌霉菌（NDM）和酵母菌的抗生素图谱：方法：利用形态学、文化和生化特征来鉴别 DM 和 NDM。采用角蛋白天青法和琼脂扩散法分别测定了角蛋白溶解活性（KA）和抗生素图谱。用微稀释法测定了最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MFC）：结果：男性（53%）比女性、脚趾甲（57%）比手指甲、商业雇员（40%）比其他雇员或失业者更容易患上甲癣。在 92.5% 的指甲样本中观察到真菌生长。DM、NDM和酵母菌引起的甲癣分别占46%、35%和19%。常见的真菌有红色毛癣菌（Trichophyton rubrum）和薄荷毛癣菌（Trichophyton mentagrophytes）。共分离出五种不同属的非真菌性癣菌和三种不同的酵母菌。DM 的 KA 比 NDM 和酵母菌的 KA 高 30-45%。所有真菌分离物（FI）都对格列齐芬和氟康唑具有抗药性。不过，分别有 71%、64% 和 36% 的 FI 对盐酸特比萘芬、奈替丁和酮康唑敏感，而 84% 的 DM 和 46% 的 NDM 对多种药物耐药。这些抗真菌药对 FI 的 MIC 和 MFC 从微克到毫克不等：结论：角化溶解性 DM 和 NDM 的多重耐药性正在增加。
Multidrug-resistant keratinolytic dermatophytes and non-dermatophytes causing onychomycosis in outpatients.
Aims: This study identified and determined antibiograms of keratinolytic dermatophytes (DM), non-dermatophytic molds (NDM), and yeasts causing onychomycosis.
Methods: Morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics were used to identify DM and NDM. The keratinolytic activity (KA) and antibiograms were conducted with keratin azure and the agar diffusion method, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined using the microdilution method.
Results: Onychomycosis was more prevalent in males (53%) than females, toenails (57%) than fingernails, and commercial employees (40%) than other employees or unemployed. Fungal growth was observed in 92.5% nail samples. DM, NDM, and yeasts caused 46%, 35%, and 19% onychomycosis, respectively. Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes were the common DM. Five different genus of NDM and three different yeasts were isolated. The KA of DM was 30-45% higher than that of NDM and yeasts. All fungal isolates (FI) were resistant to griseofulvin and fluconazole. However, 71%, 64%, and 36% of FI were sensitive to terbinafine hydrochloride, nystatin, and ketoconazole, respectively, while 84% of DM and 46% of NDM were multidrug-resistant. The MIC and MFC of these antifungals against FI ranged from micrograms to milligrams.
Conclusion: Multidrug resistance is growing in keratinolytic DM and NDM.
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