Synthesis of white light emanating mixed lanthanide complexes with organic ligand for laser and optoelectronic applications

A series of mixing of complexes [Eu_xTb_1-x.L₃] was synthesized using the solvent-assisted grinding method. The chemical composition of complexes is determined by elemental analysis. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) was applied to ascertain the purity of complexes. The morphology and nature of the synthesized complex were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The photoluminescent excitation (PL) and photoluminescent emission (PLE) spectra were examined as a function of the concentration of Eu³⁺ and Tb³⁺ ions to predict the tuning of color in both state solution and solid. Thermogravimetric data analysis reveals that these complexes have good thermal stability, supporting their application in producing organic light-emitting diodes. The radiative rate (A_rad), quantum efficiency (φ), and JO intensity parameters (Ω_λ) were calculated. Studying these complexes' Urbach energy, optical band gap, and refractive index suggests their potential application in semiconductor and solar cell devices. The Commission International de I'Eclairage 1931 (CIE) coordinates (x,y) can be obtained from the emission spectra of complexes, indicating that color can be adjusted to nearly white light (x = 0.3201,y = 0.3319) by changing the Tb³⁺ and Eu³⁺ ion concentrations.