Tertiary cancer center results of sterilized auto-graft prosthetic osteo-articular complex reconstruction following bone tumor resection

Background

Bone tumor resections necessitate complex reconstruction methods to maintain limb function and structural integrity. Various approaches, including tumor prostheses and biological reconstructions, offer distinct advantages and disadvantages. The sterilized autograft-prosthetic complex emerges as a promising alternative, combining the benefits of both biological and prosthetic methods.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the oncological, radiological, and functional outcomes of sterilized autograft-prosthetic complex reconstructions following bone tumor resections in a tertiary cancer center.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 50 patients who underwent osteoarticular reconstruction using liquid nitrogen or ECRT sterilized autograft-prosthetic complexes between 2017 and 2022. Data on patient demographics, sterilization methods, implant specifications, surgical and oncological outcomes, and follow-up were collected and analyzed.

Results

The study cohort comprised 20 pelvic resection patients (Group A) and 30 extremity resection patients (Group B). Mean follow-up was 3 years for Group A and 4 years for Group B. The 5-year graft survival rates were 80 % and 86 % for Groups A and B, respectively. 5 yr OS were 80 % and 83 % for Groups A and B respectively. Complication rates, including infection and implant failure, were higher in Group A compared to Group B, but comparable to published literature. Functional outcomes, assessed using the MSTS system and ISOLS grading satisfactory were in both groups.

Conclusion

Sterilized autograft-prosthetic complex reconstructions demonstrate favorable oncological and functional outcomes in bone tumor resections. While complications such as infection and implant failure remain concerns, this method offers a viable alternative for patients where traditional reconstructions pose challenges.