根据资源限制和与食物有关的身体机能限制评估老年人粮食不安全普遍程度的方法

IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI:10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104494

AnnieBelle J Sassine , Matthew P Rabbitt , Alisha Coleman-Jensen , Alanna J Moshfegh , Nadine R Sahyoun

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景与食物有关的身体机能受限的老年人常常面临食物不安全问题，因为他们面临的挑战不仅仅是资源限制。本研究的目的是开发一种方法来评估食物不安全的总体发生率，无论其根本原因是什么，使用的有效测量方法既能捕捉到与食物有关的身体机能限制，也能捕捉到受资源限制的食物困难。研究还旨在检验该方法与社会人口特征、健康、食欲和膳食结果相关的有效性。方法利用全国健康与营养调查（2007-2018 年）的信息，将 10237 名 60 岁及以上、具有完整的食物安全和食物相关身体机能限制数据的成年人纳入研究。比较了交叉分类法和标准食品安全法，并使用多元线性回归模型研究了它们与抑郁症、自我报告健康状况和 2015 年健康饮食指数之间的关系。结果使用交叉分类法发现，与仅因资源限制（分别为 4.7% 和 3.3%）或与食物相关的身体机能限制（分别为 11.4% 和 4.4%）造成的食物不安全相比，因资源限制和食物相关的身体机能限制造成的低度和极低度食物安全的发生率更高（分别为 13.6% 和 7.3%）。与标准的美国农业部（USDA）资源受限型食品安全衡量标准相比，使用交叉分类法得出的低食品安全水平和极低食品安全水平与抑郁和自述健康不佳的几率更高。这种方法可以指导我们联合使用这两种测量方法来估计食物不安全状况，而不管其原因是什么。

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A Method for Assessing the Prevalence of Food Insecurity in Older Adults Based on Resource Constraints and Food-Related Physical Functioning Limitations

Background

Older adults with food-related physical functioning limitations often face food insecurity because of challenges that go beyond resource constraints. Difficulties with food acquisition at retailers, and food preparation and consumption are not captured by the United States Department of Agriculture’s food security measure.

Objectives

The objective of this study was to develop a method to assess the overall prevalence of food insecurity regardless of underlying cause using validated measures that capture both food-related physical functioning limitations and resource-constraint food hardships. It also aims to examine the validity of this method in relation to sociodemographic characteristics, health, appetite, and dietary outcomes.

Methods

Using information from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2007–2018), 10,237 adults aged 60 y and older with complete food security and food-related physical functioning limitations data were included in the study. Comparisons of the cross-classification method and the standard food security methods are made and their relationships with depression, self-reported health, and healthy eating index 2015 are examined using multiple linear regression models.

Results

Using the cross-classification method, prevalence of low and very low food security because of resource constraints and food-related physical functioning limitations was found to be higher (13.6% and 7.3%, respectively) compared with food insecurity based solely on resource constraints (4.7% and 3.3%, respectively) or food-related physical functioning limitations (11.4% and 4.4%). Low and very low food security levels using the cross-classification method were associated with higher odds of depression and poor self-reported health, compared with the standard United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) resource-constrained food security measure.

Conclusions

The cross-classification method enables the identification of potentially food insecure older adults who might be classified otherwise if only each measure is used alone. This method serves as guidance for using both measures jointly to estimate food insecurity, regardless of its cause.

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