W. Wahlman , R. Kasanen , L. Lappalainen , J. Honkaniemi
{"title":"根腐病使挪威云杉更容易受到 Ips typographus 的侵袭","authors":"W. Wahlman , R. Kasanen , L. Lappalainen , J. Honkaniemi","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2024.122409","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Norway spruce (<em>Picea abies</em>) is one of the most economically important tree species in Northern and Central Europe. Root rot caused by <em>Heterobasidion annosum</em> s.l. and the European spruce bark beetle (<em>Ips typographus</em>) are major disturbance agents of Norway spruce and are expected to increasingly affect spruce-dominated forests as the climate warms. This study investigated the direct interaction between root rot and <em>I. typographus</em>, with the aim of examining whether root rot and the stress it causes to a tree increases the risk of subsequent bark beetle attack.</div><div>In total, 442 Norway spruce trees from nine different mature, even-aged forest stands were studied. First, symptoms caused by <em>I. typographus</em> were evaluated before final felling from each tree based on visual assessments of crown and stem conditions. After the felling, the sample plots were relocated from the clearcut areas, and the stumps of sampled trees were reassessed for root rot. Exploratory analysis and binomial Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) were used to analyze relationships between explanatory variables and their effect to <em>I. typographus</em> infestation.</div><div>The best predictors for <em>I. typographus</em> infestation at individual tree level were presence of root rot and to a lesser extent, tree diameter at breast height. Seventy-five percent of root rot-infected trees were also infested with <em>I. typographus</em>, and most of those trees were either dead or severely infested. Results suggest that root rot weakens trees, making them more vulnerable to subsequent <em>I. typographus</em> infestation, especially early in outbreaks when bark beetle population densities are low.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"577 ","pages":"Article 122409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Root rot increases the vulnerability of Norway spruce trees to Ips typographus infestation\",\"authors\":\"W. Wahlman , R. Kasanen , L. Lappalainen , J. Honkaniemi\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.foreco.2024.122409\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Norway spruce (<em>Picea abies</em>) is one of the most economically important tree species in Northern and Central Europe. Root rot caused by <em>Heterobasidion annosum</em> s.l. and the European spruce bark beetle (<em>Ips typographus</em>) are major disturbance agents of Norway spruce and are expected to increasingly affect spruce-dominated forests as the climate warms. This study investigated the direct interaction between root rot and <em>I. typographus</em>, with the aim of examining whether root rot and the stress it causes to a tree increases the risk of subsequent bark beetle attack.</div><div>In total, 442 Norway spruce trees from nine different mature, even-aged forest stands were studied. First, symptoms caused by <em>I. typographus</em> were evaluated before final felling from each tree based on visual assessments of crown and stem conditions. After the felling, the sample plots were relocated from the clearcut areas, and the stumps of sampled trees were reassessed for root rot. Exploratory analysis and binomial Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) were used to analyze relationships between explanatory variables and their effect to <em>I. typographus</em> infestation.</div><div>The best predictors for <em>I. typographus</em> infestation at individual tree level were presence of root rot and to a lesser extent, tree diameter at breast height. Seventy-five percent of root rot-infected trees were also infested with <em>I. typographus</em>, and most of those trees were either dead or severely infested. Results suggest that root rot weakens trees, making them more vulnerable to subsequent <em>I. typographus</em> infestation, especially early in outbreaks when bark beetle population densities are low.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12350,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Forest Ecology and Management\",\"volume\":\"577 \",\"pages\":\"Article 122409\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Forest Ecology and Management\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112724007217\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"FORESTRY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Forest Ecology and Management","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112724007217","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"FORESTRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Root rot increases the vulnerability of Norway spruce trees to Ips typographus infestation
Norway spruce (Picea abies) is one of the most economically important tree species in Northern and Central Europe. Root rot caused by Heterobasidion annosum s.l. and the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) are major disturbance agents of Norway spruce and are expected to increasingly affect spruce-dominated forests as the climate warms. This study investigated the direct interaction between root rot and I. typographus, with the aim of examining whether root rot and the stress it causes to a tree increases the risk of subsequent bark beetle attack.
In total, 442 Norway spruce trees from nine different mature, even-aged forest stands were studied. First, symptoms caused by I. typographus were evaluated before final felling from each tree based on visual assessments of crown and stem conditions. After the felling, the sample plots were relocated from the clearcut areas, and the stumps of sampled trees were reassessed for root rot. Exploratory analysis and binomial Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) were used to analyze relationships between explanatory variables and their effect to I. typographus infestation.
The best predictors for I. typographus infestation at individual tree level were presence of root rot and to a lesser extent, tree diameter at breast height. Seventy-five percent of root rot-infected trees were also infested with I. typographus, and most of those trees were either dead or severely infested. Results suggest that root rot weakens trees, making them more vulnerable to subsequent I. typographus infestation, especially early in outbreaks when bark beetle population densities are low.
期刊介绍:
Forest Ecology and Management publishes scientific articles linking forest ecology with forest management, focusing on the application of biological, ecological and social knowledge to the management and conservation of plantations and natural forests. The scope of the journal includes all forest ecosystems of the world.
A peer-review process ensures the quality and international interest of the manuscripts accepted for publication. The journal encourages communication between scientists in disparate fields who share a common interest in ecology and forest management, bridging the gap between research workers and forest managers.
We encourage submission of papers that will have the strongest interest and value to the Journal''s international readership. Some key features of papers with strong interest include:
1. Clear connections between the ecology and management of forests;
2. Novel ideas or approaches to important challenges in forest ecology and management;
3. Studies that address a population of interest beyond the scale of single research sites, Three key points in the design of forest experiments, Forest Ecology and Management 255 (2008) 2022-2023);
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