不同老年人的婚姻状况、大脑健康和认知储备。

IF 2.6 4区 心理学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Ji Hyun Lee, Kiana A Scambray, Emily P Morris, Ketlyne Sol, Jordan D Palms, Afsara B Zaheed, Michelle N Martinez, Nicole Schupf, Jennifer J Manly, Adam M Brickman, Laura B Zahodne
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标已婚可保护晚年认知能力。人们对未婚成年人的生活安排以及不同种族、民族或性别的大脑健康(BH)和认知储备(CR)等机制知之甚少。本研究探讨了(1)不同老年人的婚姻状况、大脑健康和认知储备之间的关系;(2)未婚成年人的生活安排是否与大脑健康和认知储备有关:横截面数据来自华盛顿高地-因伍德哥伦比亚老龄化项目(N = 778,41% 西班牙裔,33% 非西班牙裔黑人,25% 非西班牙裔白人;64% 女性)。BH 的磁共振成像(MRI)标记包括阿尔茨海默病特征区域的皮质厚度以及海马、灰质和白质高密度体积。剔除核磁共振成像标记后,CR 在忆性记忆综合指标中存在残差。探索性分析按种族、民族和性别进行了分层,并纳入了潜在的中介因素:结果:婚姻状况与 CR 相关,但与 BH 无关。与已婚者相比,在全样本、白人和西班牙裔亚组以及女性中,以前结过婚的人(即离婚、丧偶和分居)的 CR 值低于已婚者。未婚女性的 CR 也低于已婚女性。这些发现与年龄、教育程度、身体健康状况和家庭收入无关。在从未结婚的人中,与他人同住与 BH 呈负相关:结论:婚姻可通过 CR 保护晚年认知能力。研究结果还突显了不同种族、民族和性别的不同影响。在常规筛查中评估认知障碍风险时,可以考虑婚姻状况。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Marital status, brain health, and cognitive reserve among diverse older adults.

Objective: Being married may protect late-life cognition. Less is known about living arrangement among unmarried adults and mechanisms such as brain health (BH) and cognitive reserve (CR) across race and ethnicity or sex/gender. The current study examines (1) associations between marital status, BH, and CR among diverse older adults and (2) whether one's living arrangement is linked to BH and CR among unmarried adults.

Method: Cross-sectional data come from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (N = 778, 41% Hispanic, 33% non-Hispanic Black, 25% non-Hispanic White; 64% women). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of BH included cortical thickness in Alzheimer's disease signature regions and hippocampal, gray matter, and white matter hyperintensity volumes. CR was residual variance in an episodic memory composite after partialing out MRI markers. Exploratory analyses stratified by race and ethnicity and sex/gender and included potential mediators.

Results: Marital status was associated with CR, but not BH. Compared to married individuals, those who were previously married (i.e., divorced, widowed, and separated) had lower CR than their married counterparts in the full sample, among White and Hispanic subgroups, and among women. Never married women also had lower CR than married women. These findings were independent of age, education, physical health, and household income. Among never married individuals, living with others was negatively linked to BH.

Conclusions: Marriage may protect late-life cognition via CR. Findings also highlight differential effects across race and ethnicity and sex/gender. Marital status could be considered when assessing the risk of cognitive impairment during routine screenings.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
3.80%
发文量
185
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society is the official journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, an organization of over 4,500 international members from a variety of disciplines. The Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society welcomes original, creative, high quality research papers covering all areas of neuropsychology. The focus of articles may be primarily experimental, applied, or clinical. Contributions will broadly reflect the interest of all areas of neuropsychology, including but not limited to: development of cognitive processes, brain-behavior relationships, adult and pediatric neuropsychology, neurobehavioral syndromes (such as aphasia or apraxia), and the interfaces of neuropsychology with related areas such as behavioral neurology, neuropsychiatry, genetics, and cognitive neuroscience. Papers that utilize behavioral, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological measures are appropriate. To assure maximum flexibility and to promote diverse mechanisms of scholarly communication, the following formats are available in addition to a Regular Research Article: Brief Communication is a shorter research article; Rapid Communication is intended for "fast breaking" new work that does not yet justify a full length article and is placed on a fast review track; Case Report is a theoretically important and unique case study; Critical Review and Short Review are thoughtful considerations of topics of importance to neuropsychology and include meta-analyses; Dialogue provides a forum for publishing two distinct positions on controversial issues in a point-counterpoint format; Special Issue and Special Section consist of several articles linked thematically; Letter to the Editor responds to recent articles published in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society; and Book Review, which is considered but is no longer solicited.
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