60 年间,非裔美国人中罹患早期结直肠癌的比例不断上升,其趋势和症状也在不断增加。

IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
Digestive Diseases and Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-25 DOI:10.1007/s10620-024-08739-5
Hassan Brim, Challa Suryanarayana Reddy, Lakshmi Chirumamilla, Gholamreza Oskrochi, Mrinalini Deverapalli, Rumaisa Rashid, Mudasir Rashid, Vaisakh Nair, Nicole Morrison, Danae Byer, Trae Thompson, Belal Yasin, David Johnson, Alicia Snowden, Priscilla Mammen, Gabriel Carter, Victor Jolly, Rasheed Thompson, Riad Abdulmoniem, Nima Karodeh, Yafiet Gojela, Ali Ahmed, Sabtain Saroya, Trinity Gibbs, Dideolu Dawodu, Nader Shayegh, Ali H Ahmed, Iman Zahedi, Farshad Aduli, Angesom Kibreab, Adeyinka O Laiyemo, Babak Shokrani, Rabia Zafar, Christine Nembhard, John M Carethers, Hassan Ashktorab
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:早发结直肠癌(EOCRC)在成年人(包括非裔美国人)中的比例令人担忧:目的:调查非裔美国人(AA)患者中早发结肠直肠癌(EOCRC)与晚发结肠直肠癌(LOCRC)之间的差异:这项回顾性研究回顾了霍华德大学医院 1959 年至 2023 年期间患者的人口统计、临床表现、结肠镜检查和病理报告。研究包括 176 例 EOCRC(45 岁):结果:EOCRC 和 LOCRC 组均以 AA(> 80%)为主,女性(53%)略多于男性。EOCRC 病例的平均年龄为 38 岁,LOCRC 病例的平均年龄为 66 岁。自 2010 年以来,EOCRC 病例在已发现的 CRC 病例总数中所占比例有所上升(超过 13%),而此前几十年的比例仅略高于 6%。在 EOCRC 患者中,一级亲属中有 CRC 家族史的比例较高(15.5% 对 3.4%,P):自 2010 年以来,在我们的队列中,EOCRC 患者比 LOCRC 患者呈比例增长,并且与家族病史、腹痛和排便习惯改变等症状有关。可能由于发病年龄的原因,主要在门诊就诊的 EOCRC 患者合并症较少,更有可能被诊断为以乙状结肠或直肠乙状结肠为主的晚期病变。这些发现与普通人群中 EOCRC 患者的观察结果相似,尽管非裔美国人患者的 CRC 发病年龄通常早于白裔美国人患者。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Trends and Symptoms Among Increasing Proportion of African Americans with Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer over a 60-Year Period.

Background: The proportion of early onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is alarming in adults, including in African Americans (AA).

Aim: To investigate differences between EOCRC compared to late-onset colorectal cancer (LOCRC) among AA patients.

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed demographic, clinical presentations, colonoscopy, and pathology reports of patients at Howard University Hospital from 1959 to 2023. The study included 176 EOCRC cases (< 45 years) and 2034 LOCRC cases (> 45 years).

Results: Both EOCRC and LOCRC groups were predominantly AA (> 80%) with slightly more females (53%) than males. The mean age was 38 years for EOCRC and 66 years for LOCRC cases. EOCRC cases increased as a proportion of total detected CRC cases since 2010 (over 13%) after several decades of just above 6%. Family history of CRC in first degree relatives was higher among EOCRC (15.5% vs.3.4% in LOCRC patients, p < 0.01). Symptoms at presentation were prevalent in both EOCRC (93.8%) and LOCRC (92.6%). EOCRC patients exhibited higher incidence of abdominal pain (23.3% vs. 17.2%, p = 0.05) and changes in bowel habits (24.4% vs. 14%, p < 0.01) compared to LOCRC patients. Other symptoms such as melena, hematochezia, and weight loss were less prevalent in EOCRC patients. Comorbidities like hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were less frequent among EOCRC patients. EOCRC was primarily observed in the sigmoid and rectosigmoid regions (p = 0.02). Metastasis at index colonoscopy was more prevalent with EOCRC compared to LOCRC (p = 0.04), with a higher proportion of patients at stage 3 cancer (p < 0.05). Significant differences were noted in the timeline for undergoing surgery after the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, with EOCRC patients taking longer than LOCRC patients (p = 0.03).

Conclusion: Presentation of EOCRC over LOCRC increased proportionally in our cohort since 2010 and is associated with family history, and symptoms such as abdominal pain and change in bowel habits. Likely because of age at presentation, there are less comorbidities among EOCRC patients who predominantly present in the outpatient setting, and more likely diagnosed with advanced stage lesions that are predominantly sigmoid or rectosigmoid. These findings are similar to observations seen in the general population with EOCRC, albeit African American patients have commonly had earlier age presentation of CRC than White American patients.

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来源期刊
Digestive Diseases and Sciences
Digestive Diseases and Sciences 医学-胃肠肝病学
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
3.20%
发文量
420
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Digestive Diseases and Sciences publishes high-quality, peer-reviewed, original papers addressing aspects of basic/translational and clinical research in gastroenterology, hepatology, and related fields. This well-illustrated journal features comprehensive coverage of basic pathophysiology, new technological advances, and clinical breakthroughs; insights from prominent academicians and practitioners concerning new scientific developments and practical medical issues; and discussions focusing on the latest changes in local and worldwide social, economic, and governmental policies that affect the delivery of care within the disciplines of gastroenterology and hepatology.
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