Endoscopic-Assisted Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap for Chest Wall Reconstruction in Poland Syndrome: Clinical Application and Literature Review.

Background: Poland syndrome is a rare congenital chest wall developmental defect. Traditional reconstruction applies open to harvest of the latissimus dorsi muscle flap, but issues like large incisions and high complication rates exist. Endoscopic-assisted harvest of the latissimus dorsi muscle flap has minimally invasive advantages worth exploring for application in Poland syndrome patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the surgical situations of five Poland syndrome patients at our center, and systematically searched the literature, including 31 cases of endoscopic-assisted latissimus dorsi muscle flap reconstruction. Data on surgical complications, postoperative shoulder function scores, aesthetic scores, and patient satisfaction were collected and comprehensively analyzed in combination with literature reports.

Results: Endoscopic surgery had smaller incisions, fewer complications, shorter recovery time, and high patient scar satisfaction. Postoperative aesthetic results were good, but the obtained flap tissue volume was limited. Upper limb function at the donor site was preserved, but there was some degree of strength decline.

Conclusions: Endoscopic-assisted latissimus dorsi flap surgery (ELDM) allows for clear visualization of the surgical field, reduces complications, minimizes scarring, shortens recovery time, and provides better cosmetic results, making it suitable for young Poland syndrome patients seeking improved aesthetic outcomes.

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