儿童早期与中期多动症症状严重程度的气质和执行功能相关性

IF 6.5 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI:10.1111/jcpp.14083

Virginia Peisch, Erica Ferrara, Gaelle Gourdet, Matthew Zimon, Carissa Mastrangelo, Anne Arnett

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景本研究调查了两个发育阶段的儿童在气质、执行功能（EF）和注意缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）症状严重程度之间的关系。方法参加研究的有61名4岁儿童和165名8-11岁儿童（126名ADHD儿童，39名典型发育[TD]儿童）。照顾者报告了他们的性情（努力控制 [EC]、消极情绪和急躁）和多动症症状。结果在 4 岁儿童中，ADHD 症状严重程度的差异只能通过气质变量来解释。在这个群体中，EC 与任何 EF 都没有明显的相关性。在学龄儿童中，低EC、高急躁情绪、高负面情绪和工作记忆减弱与ADHD症状严重程度相关。在学龄儿童中，EC 与处理速度呈明显的正相关。结论结果与多动症的神经发育模型一致，即气质失调与幼儿多动症相关，而气质失调和认知技能失调与中年多动症相关。研究结果可为选择诊断评估小儿多动症症状的临床工具和临床随访提供参考。

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Temperament and executive functioning correlates of ADHD symptom severity during early versus middle childhood

BackgroundThis study investigated associations among temperament, executive functioning (EF), and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom severity at two developmental stages.MethodsParticipants were 61 4‐year‐old children and 165 8–11‐year‐old children (126 ADHD, 39 typically developing [TD]). Caregivers reported on temperament (effortful control [EC], negative affect, and surgency), and ADHD symptoms. Three aspects of EF (working memory, inhibitory control, and processing speed) were measured with neuropsychological tests.ResultsAmong 4‐year‐olds, variance in ADHD symptom severity was only explained by the temperament variables. EC was not significantly correlated with any of the EFs in this cohort. Among school‐aged children, low EC, high surgency, high negative affect, and reduced working memory were associated with greater ADHD symptom severity. EC was significantly and positively correlated with processing speed in the school‐aged children.ConclusionsResults are consistent with a neurodevelopmental model of ADHD, wherein dysregulated temperament is associated with ADHD in young children, while both dysregulated temperament and cognitive skills are associated with ADHD in middle childhood. Results could inform the selection of clinical tools for diagnostic evaluation of pediatric ADHD symptoms and clinical follow‐up.

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来源期刊

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

13.80

自引率

5.30%

发文量

169

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (JCPP) is a highly regarded international publication that focuses on the fields of child and adolescent psychology and psychiatry. It is recognized for publishing top-tier, clinically relevant research across various disciplines related to these areas. JCPP has a broad global readership and covers a diverse range of topics, including: Epidemiology: Studies on the prevalence and distribution of mental health issues in children and adolescents. Diagnosis: Research on the identification and classification of childhood disorders. Treatments: Psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological interventions for child and adolescent mental health. Behavior and Cognition: Studies on the behavioral and cognitive aspects of childhood disorders. Neuroscience and Neurobiology: Research on the neural and biological underpinnings of child mental health. Genetics: Genetic factors contributing to the development of childhood disorders. JCPP serves as a platform for integrating empirical research, clinical studies, and high-quality reviews from diverse perspectives, theoretical viewpoints, and disciplines. This interdisciplinary approach is a key feature of the journal, as it fosters a comprehensive understanding of child and adolescent mental health. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry is published 12 times a year and is affiliated with the Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health (ACAMH), which supports the journal's mission to advance knowledge and practice in the field of child and adolescent mental health.