Exploring the predictive factors in the gastrointestinal involvement of patients with immunoglobulin A vasculitis.

Background: Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), the most common systemic vasculitis in children, typically presents with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in about half of cases. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and laboratory findings of patients with IgAV regarding GI involvement.

Methods: We compared the GI involvement data of the patients diagnosed with IgAV.

Results: Of the 210 patients (60.5% female and 39.5% male), 101 had GI involvement, with abdominal pain being the predominant symptom (n=98). White blood cell, neutrophil, monocyte, and platelet counts, C-reactive protein, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) were significantly elevated in patients with GI involvement (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.01, p=0.005, p=0.002, p<0.001, p=0.03, p=0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). The cutoff values for SII (>1035.7), SIRI (>1.65), NLR (>2.73), and MLR (>0.28) were determined, yielding respective sensitivities of 46%, 59%, 47%, and 53%, specificities of 83.1%, 69.1%, 81.3%, and 71.9%. Corresponding areas under the curve were 0.658, 0.668, 0.649, and 0.634, respectively (all p<0.001).

Conclusion: Although IgAV is a self-limiting disease, GI involvement can lead to serious consequences. Systemic inflammatory indices such as SII and SIRI may be indicative in identifying patients with GI involvement.