Impact of Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential on the Long-Term Risk of Recurrent Stroke in Patients with a High Atherosclerotic Burden.

Aims: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), which has recently been shown to be an age-related phenomenon, is associated with cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and stroke. This study focused on the association between CHIP and short- and long-term stroke recurrence in patients with acute ischemic stroke and intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS).

Methods: This study included 4,699 patients with acute ischemic stroke based on data from the Third China National Stroke Registry (CNSR-III), a nationwide prospective hospital-based registry. The ICAS assessment followed the criteria established by the Warfarin-Aspirin Symptomatic Intracranial Disease Study and Brain Imaging. Atherosclerosis Scores (AS) were used to assess the atherosclerosis burden, as determined by the number and severity of steno-occlusions in the intracranial arteries. The primary outcome was stroke recurrence three months and one year after the event.

Results: Among the 4,699 patients, 3,181 (67.7%) were female, and the median age was 63.0 (55.0-71.0) years. We found that CHIP significantly increased the risk of stroke recurrence at the 1-year follow-up in patients with ICAS (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.77-4.16), P for interaction, 0.008).

Conclusions: Our results revealed that CHIP might have a significant impact on the long-term risk of recurrent stroke, particularly in patients with a higher atherosclerotic burden.