Protocolo diagnóstico de las anemias hemolíticas

Hemolytic anemias are defined by the premature destruction of circulating red blood cells. They can be classified as congenital or acquired and most are of immune origin. Diagnosis requires a comprehensive medical history, including a personal and family history; use of drugs or toxins; and a series of laboratory tests. Test findings predominantly show a marked decrease in hemoglobin; an increase in reticulocytes, bilirubin (indirect fraction), and lactate dehydrogenase; and a decrease in haptoglobin. Finally, a direct antiglobulin test (direct Coombs test) and a peripheral blood smear can be very useful in indicating the possible cause of hemolytic anemia.