用于地球、火星和月球原位激光诱导击穿光谱的激光诱导等离子体的寿命、尺寸和发射

IF 2.5 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Icarus Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI:10.1016/j.icarus.2024.116376

Fabian Seel , Susanne Schröder , Elise Clavé , Enrico Dietz , Peder Bagge Hansen , Kristin Rammelkamp , Heinz-Wilhelm Hübers

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引用次数: 0

摘要

激光诱导击穿光谱技术（LIBS）是一种对地质样品进行快速化学分析的强大方法，测量时间短，无需样品制备。2012 年，NASA 的 MSL 漫游车上搭载的 ChemCam 仪器证明了其适用于探索行星表面的太空任务，此后，人们对将 LIBS 仪器作为有效载荷的兴趣与日俱增，随后的几次任务都成功使用了这一技术。LIBS 等离子体的特性取决于实验和环境参数以及样品特性，包括大气条件、激光辐照度和样品岩性。因此，LIBS 仪器需要针对每种使用情况进行专门设计和优化，以最大限度地提高其科学产出。为了帮助开发用于太空探索的新型 LIBS 仪器，我们研究了大气条件、激光辐照度和样品岩性对激光诱导等离子体的寿命、大小和发射的影响。在测量中，我们使用时间分辨率高达 2 毫微秒的等离子体成像装置，研究等离子体从点燃到衰减的演变过程。我们展示了在陆地、火星和无空气大气条件下记录的可比数据集，涵盖了 0.79 GW/mmˆ2 到 1.43 GW/mmˆ2 之间的辐照度和不同性质的样品，即玄武岩和皂石，以及月球碎屑岩模拟物 LHS-1 和 LMS-1。我们的测量结果表明，大气条件对等离子体的大小和发射有很大影响，而本研究涉及的岩性和激光辐照度对等离子体的影响较小。这表明，为在特定大气条件下工作而设计的仪器可用于一系列激光参数和样品特性。此外，我们还证明了等离子体发射的衰减和等离子体羽流平行于样品表面的扩展分别可以用幂律和阻力模型很好地描述。

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Lifetime, size and emission of laser-induced plasmas for in-situ laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy on Earth, Mars and Moon

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Lifetime, size and emission of laser-induced plasmas for in-situ laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy on Earth, Mars and Moon

The spectroscopic technique of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a powerful method to perform rapid chemical analysis of geologic samples with short measurement times and no need for sample preparation. After the ChemCam instrument aboard NASA’s MSL rover proved its suitability for space missions that explore planetary surfaces in 2012, the interest in LIBS instruments as payloads has grown and several subsequent missions have successfully used this technique since. The characteristics of a LIBS plasma depend on experimental and environmental parameters as well as on sample properties, including atmospheric conditions, laser irradiance and sample lithology. Consequently, LIBS instruments need to be designed and optimized specifically for each use case to maximize their science output. To aid in the development of new LIBS instruments for space exploration, we investigate the influence of atmospheric conditions, laser irradiance and sample lithology on the lifetime, size and emission of laser-induced plasmas. In our measurements, we use a plasma imaging setup with high temporal resolution of down to 2 ns to investigate the evolution of the plasma from its ignition to its decay. We present a comparable data set recorded at terrestrial, Martian and airless atmospheric conditions, covering irradiances between 0.79 GW/mmˆ2 and 1.43 GW/mmˆ2 and samples with diverse properties, namely basalt and soapstone, as well as the lunar regolith simulants LHS-1 and LMS-1. Our measurements show the strong influence of atmospheric conditions on the plasma size and emission, while the lithologies and laser irradiances covered in this work play a minor role. This shows that instruments designed to work at certain atmospheric conditions can be used for a range of laser parameters and sample properties. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the decay of the plasma emission and the expansion of the plasma plume parallel to the sample surface can be described well by a power law and a drag model, respectively.

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来源期刊

Icarus 地学天文-天文与天体物理

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

18.80%

发文量

356

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： Icarus is devoted to the publication of original contributions in the field of Solar System studies. Manuscripts reporting the results of new research - observational, experimental, or theoretical - concerning the astronomy, geology, meteorology, physics, chemistry, biology, and other scientific aspects of our Solar System or extrasolar systems are welcome. The journal generally does not publish papers devoted exclusively to the Sun, the Earth, celestial mechanics, meteoritics, or astrophysics. Icarus does not publish papers that provide "improved" versions of Bode''s law, or other numerical relations, without a sound physical basis. Icarus does not publish meeting announcements or general notices. Reviews, historical papers, and manuscripts describing spacecraft instrumentation may be considered, but only with prior approval of the editor. An entire issue of the journal is occasionally devoted to a single subject, usually arising from a conference on the same topic. The language of publication is English. American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these.