2019年冠状病毒病感染后的眼部不良事件：来自韩国全体人口的自控病例系列研究

IF 3.2 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Ophthalmology science Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI:10.1016/j.xops.2024.100638

Sungsoon Hwang MD, PhD , Se Woong Kang MD, PhD , Jaehwan Choi MD , Kyung-Ah Park MD, PhD , Dong Hui Lim MD, PhD , Ju-Young Shin PhD , Danbee Kang PhD , Juhee Cho PhD , Sang Jin Kim MD, PhD

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的本研究旨在评估2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）感染后发生眼部不良事件的风险，包括视网膜动脉闭塞（RAO）、视网膜静脉闭塞（RVO）、非感染性葡萄膜炎（NIU）、非感染性巩膜炎（NIS）、视神经炎（ON）、缺血性视神经病变（ION）和眼部运动性颅神经麻痹（OMCNP）。设计基于人群的自我对照病例系列研究（SCCS）。方法这项全国范围的 SCCS 研究利用了韩国国民健康保险服务局和韩国疾病预防控制机构提供的数据。感染后的风险期定义为感染 COVID-19 后的 24 周内。采用条件泊松回归法计算指定风险期内RAO、RVO、前NIU、非前NIU、NIS、ON、ION和OMCNP的相对发病率比（IRRs）。主要结果测量风险期内RAO、RVO、前NIU、非前NIU、NIS、ON、ION和OMCNP的IRR。早期风险期（1-8 周）的内部收益率（95% 置信区间）分别为 0.94（0.83-1.07）、1.01（0.97-1.04）、1.00（0.98-1.03）、0.96（0.90-1.03）、1.00（0.94-1.07）、0.97（0.81-1.17）、0.97（0.93-1.01）和 1.02（0.94-1.11）。在风险晚期（9-24 周），IRR 分别为 1.02（0.92-1.12）、1.01（0.98-1.04）、1.01（0.99-1.03）、1.02（0.97-1.08）、1.02（0.97-1.08）、0.99（0.85-1.15）、1.02（0.99-1.06）和 0.97（0.90-1.03）。结论感染 COVID-19 后，发生 RVO、前 NIU、非前 NIU、NIS、ON、ION 或 OMCNP 的风险并未增加。只有存在心脑血管疾病的个体发生RAO的风险才会增加。

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Ocular Adverse Events Following Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: A Self-controlled Case Series Study from the Entire Korean Population

Purpose

This study aimed to assess the risk of ocular adverse events, including retinal artery occlusion (RAO), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), noninfectious uveitis (NIU), noninfectious scleritis (NIS), optic neuritis (ON), ischemic optic neuropathy (ION), and ocular motor cranial nerve palsy (OMCNP), after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.

Design

Population-based self-controlled case series (SCCS).

Participants

The study included patients from the entire Korean population of 52 million who experienced incident RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, or OMCNP between January 1, 2021, and October 29, 2022.

Methods

This nationwide SCCS utilized data from the Korea National Health Insurance Service and the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. The risk period after infection was defined as up to 24 weeks after COVID-19 infection. Conditional Poisson regression was used to calculate the relative incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, and OMCNP during the designated risk periods.

Main Outcome Measures

The IRRs for RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, and OMCNP during the risk periods.

Results

The study included 9336, 103 362, 201 010, 25 428, 23 744, 3026, 69 933, and 16 335 cases of incident RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, and OMCNP, respectively. The IRRs (95% confidence interval) during the early risk period (1–8 weeks) were 0.94 (0.83–1.07), 1.01 (0.97–1.04), 1.00 (0.98–1.03), 0.96 (0.90–1.03), 1.00 (0.94–1.07), 0.97 (0.81–1.17), 0.97 (0.93–1.01), and 1.02 (0.94–1.11), respectively. In the late risk period (9–24 weeks), the IRRs were 1.02 (0.92–1.12), 1.01 (0.98–1.04), 1.01 (0.99–1.03), 1.02 (0.97–1.08), 1.02 (0.97–1.08), 0.99 (0.85–1.15), 1.02 (0.99–1.06), and 0.97 (0.90–1.03), respectively. Stratified analyses showed that in patients with a history of cerebro-cardiovascular disease, the risk of RAO increased during the late risk period, with an IRR (95% confidence interval) of 1.19 (1.02–1.40).

Conclusions

The risk of incident RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, or OMCNP did not increase after COVID-19 infection. The risk of incident RAO increased only in individuals with preexisting cardio-cerebrovascular disease.