固沙措施对中国北方退化沙质牧场植被恢复和风蚀沉积减缓的效果

IF 3.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107456

Akito Kono , Keiichi Kimura , Susumu Yamada , Tomoyo F. Koyanagi , Norikazu Yamanaka , Ken Yoshikawa , Kazuaki Tsuchiya , Toshiya Okuro

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引用次数: 0

摘要

为恢复退化沙丘上的可持续生产活动，采取了固沙措施，包括稳定地表。有植被覆盖的沙丘地区的风蚀一般通过植被覆盖度来评估。然而，由于不同环境中植被覆盖度的阈值不同，这方面的研究十分有限。我们的目标是通过评估沙丘稳定措施的应用情况，研究影响植被动态的因素以及植被对风蚀和沉积减缓的影响。在中国呼伦贝尔草原，当地政府对采取了沙丘稳定措施（围栏、安装稻草方格板和播种两种本地植物）的沙丘进行了为期四年的植被和风蚀调查。结果表明，秸秆棋盘格和播种本地植物增加了植被覆盖度，减少了沙丘上的先锋物种苋科一年生草本植物的比例。经过几年的建设，播种的多年生草坪草（Elymus spp.）具有抚育作用，并有助于播种的豆科灌木（Caragana microphylla）的生长。另一方面，在播种后的最初几年里，C. microphylla 的生长受到降水的影响，播种年份不同，结果也不同。在安装稻草棋盘格的地方，风蚀得到了极大缓解。地表变化量与植被覆盖率之间存在临界关系，当植被覆盖率超过 5% 左右时，风蚀会明显减轻。安装稻草方格板和播种本地植物能有效稳定沙丘的地表。然而，秸秆方格板在安装 4-5 年后就会腐烂，这表明在采取固沙措施后的最初几年进行强化管理对于维持稳定的地表和恢复的植被非常重要。

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Effectiveness of sand-fixing measures for restoration of vegetation and mitigation of wind erosion and deposition in a degraded sandy rangeland, northern China

Sand-fixing measures, including ground surface stabilization, have been implemented to restore sustainable productive activities on degraded sandy dunes. Wind erosion in dune areas with vegetation cover is generally assessed by vegetation cover. However, research in this area is limited due to the presence of varying thresholds of vegetation cover in different environments. Our objective was to investigate the factors influencing vegetation dynamics and the effect of vegetation on wind erosion and deposition mitigation through the evaluation of the application of dune stabilization measures. Vegetation and wind erosion surveys were conducted over four years on dunes where dune stabilization measures (fencing, installation of straw checkerboard, and seeding of two native plants) were applied by the local government in the Hulunbuir grasslands of China. The results showed that the straw checkerboard and sowing of native plants increased the vegetation cover and reduced the proportion of Amaranthaceae annual forbs, which are pioneer species on the sandy dunes. The seeded perennial grass Elymus spp. had a nursing effect after several years of construction and helped the growth of the seeded legume shrub Caragana microphylla. On the other hand, the growth of C. microphylla was affected by precipitation in the first few years after seeding, with different results depending on the year of seeding. Wind erosion was greatly mitigated where straw checkerboards were installed. The amount of ground surface variability showed a threshold relationship with vegetation cover, with wind erosion being significantly mitigated where vegetation cover was above about 5 %. The installation of straw checkerboards and the seeding of native plants were effective in stabilizing the ground surface on the dunes. However, the straw checkerboard decomposes 4–5 years after installation, suggesting that intensive management during the first few years after the application of sand fixing measures is important to sustain stabilized ground surfaces and restored vegetation.

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来源期刊

Ecological Engineering 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

5.30%

发文量

293

审稿时长

57 days

期刊介绍： Ecological engineering has been defined as the design of ecosystems for the mutual benefit of humans and nature. The journal is meant for ecologists who, because of their research interests or occupation, are involved in designing, monitoring, or restoring ecosystems, and can serve as a bridge between ecologists and engineers. Specific topics covered in the journal include: habitat reconstruction; ecotechnology; synthetic ecology; bioengineering; restoration ecology; ecology conservation; ecosystem rehabilitation; stream and river restoration; reclamation ecology; non-renewable resource conservation. Descriptions of specific applications of ecological engineering are acceptable only when situated within context of adding novelty to current research and emphasizing ecosystem restoration. We do not accept purely descriptive reports on ecosystem structures (such as vegetation surveys), purely physical assessment of materials that can be used for ecological restoration, small-model studies carried out in the laboratory or greenhouse with artificial (waste)water or crop studies, or case studies on conventional wastewater treatment and eutrophication that do not offer an ecosystem restoration approach within the paper.