Hesham Hamoud, Hany Aly, Yasser A Elmotaleb, Mohamad M Ghit, Ahmad Mosalam, Tarek M Nasrallah, Saad M El Zokm, Ibrahim Fawzy, Abdelwahab N Bayoumy, Maha S Mohamed, Seham A Elazab, Amal M Elmesiry, Eman A Rageh, Mai A Moussa, Ahmed Elyasaki, Sherif Refaat, Ahmed M Elhilasy, Ahmed M El Deeb, Walid Elshaitany, Ashraf Eltabiey
{"title":"游泳者手臂对肩测试，用于早期区分肩痛患者的肩部和颈椎病变。","authors":"Hesham Hamoud, Hany Aly, Yasser A Elmotaleb, Mohamad M Ghit, Ahmad Mosalam, Tarek M Nasrallah, Saad M El Zokm, Ibrahim Fawzy, Abdelwahab N Bayoumy, Maha S Mohamed, Seham A Elazab, Amal M Elmesiry, Eman A Rageh, Mai A Moussa, Ahmed Elyasaki, Sherif Refaat, Ahmed M Elhilasy, Ahmed M El Deeb, Walid Elshaitany, Ashraf Eltabiey","doi":"10.1186/s12891-024-08013-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several tests have been suggested for screening and diagnosis of cervical spine and shoulder girdle conditions underlying shoulder pain with variable degrees of clinical accuracy. The present study aimed to test the reliability, clinical benefit and screening value of the Swimmer Arm-to-Shoulder (SAS) test; a new clinical test developed to differentiate shoulder impingement from cervical radiculopathy in patients with shoulder pain of ≤ 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 718 patients aged 40-65 years, with unilateral and localized shoulder girdle pain lasting for ≤ 12 weeks. Diagnosis based on clinical, electromyography and radiological findings was considered as the reference gold standard for test assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical diagnosis identified shoulder pathology in 288 patients (40.1%) and cervical spine pathology in 430 patients (59.9%). SAS test was positive in 274 patients (38.2%). The SAS test proved to be effective in distinguishing shoulder from cervical spine pathology with a sensitivity of 89.2% (95% CI: 85.0-92.6%), specificity of 96.1% (95% CI: 93.8-97.7%), PPV of 93.8% (95% CI: 90.5-96.0%), NPV of 93.0% (95% CI: 90.5-94.9%), LR + of 22.6% (95% CI: 14.1-36.0%), LR- of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.08-0.16) and accuracy of 93.3% (95% CI: 91.2-95.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SAS test is an easy to perform, patient dependent and reliable as a screening test and diagnosis confirmatory test.</p>","PeriodicalId":9189,"journal":{"name":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders","volume":"25 1","pages":"940"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580640/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Swimmer arm-to-shoulder test for early differentiation between shoulder and cervical spine pathology in patients with shoulder pain.\",\"authors\":\"Hesham Hamoud, Hany Aly, Yasser A Elmotaleb, Mohamad M Ghit, Ahmad Mosalam, Tarek M Nasrallah, Saad M El Zokm, Ibrahim Fawzy, Abdelwahab N Bayoumy, Maha S Mohamed, Seham A Elazab, Amal M Elmesiry, Eman A Rageh, Mai A Moussa, Ahmed Elyasaki, Sherif Refaat, Ahmed M Elhilasy, Ahmed M El Deeb, Walid Elshaitany, Ashraf Eltabiey\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s12891-024-08013-9\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several tests have been suggested for screening and diagnosis of cervical spine and shoulder girdle conditions underlying shoulder pain with variable degrees of clinical accuracy. The present study aimed to test the reliability, clinical benefit and screening value of the Swimmer Arm-to-Shoulder (SAS) test; a new clinical test developed to differentiate shoulder impingement from cervical radiculopathy in patients with shoulder pain of ≤ 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 718 patients aged 40-65 years, with unilateral and localized shoulder girdle pain lasting for ≤ 12 weeks. Diagnosis based on clinical, electromyography and radiological findings was considered as the reference gold standard for test assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical diagnosis identified shoulder pathology in 288 patients (40.1%) and cervical spine pathology in 430 patients (59.9%). SAS test was positive in 274 patients (38.2%). The SAS test proved to be effective in distinguishing shoulder from cervical spine pathology with a sensitivity of 89.2% (95% CI: 85.0-92.6%), specificity of 96.1% (95% CI: 93.8-97.7%), PPV of 93.8% (95% CI: 90.5-96.0%), NPV of 93.0% (95% CI: 90.5-94.9%), LR + of 22.6% (95% CI: 14.1-36.0%), LR- of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.08-0.16) and accuracy of 93.3% (95% CI: 91.2-95.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SAS test is an easy to perform, patient dependent and reliable as a screening test and diagnosis confirmatory test.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":9189,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders\",\"volume\":\"25 1\",\"pages\":\"940\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580640/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-024-08013-9\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ORTHOPEDICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-024-08013-9","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ORTHOPEDICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Swimmer arm-to-shoulder test for early differentiation between shoulder and cervical spine pathology in patients with shoulder pain.
Background: Several tests have been suggested for screening and diagnosis of cervical spine and shoulder girdle conditions underlying shoulder pain with variable degrees of clinical accuracy. The present study aimed to test the reliability, clinical benefit and screening value of the Swimmer Arm-to-Shoulder (SAS) test; a new clinical test developed to differentiate shoulder impingement from cervical radiculopathy in patients with shoulder pain of ≤ 12 weeks.
Methods: The study included 718 patients aged 40-65 years, with unilateral and localized shoulder girdle pain lasting for ≤ 12 weeks. Diagnosis based on clinical, electromyography and radiological findings was considered as the reference gold standard for test assessment.
Results: Clinical diagnosis identified shoulder pathology in 288 patients (40.1%) and cervical spine pathology in 430 patients (59.9%). SAS test was positive in 274 patients (38.2%). The SAS test proved to be effective in distinguishing shoulder from cervical spine pathology with a sensitivity of 89.2% (95% CI: 85.0-92.6%), specificity of 96.1% (95% CI: 93.8-97.7%), PPV of 93.8% (95% CI: 90.5-96.0%), NPV of 93.0% (95% CI: 90.5-94.9%), LR + of 22.6% (95% CI: 14.1-36.0%), LR- of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.08-0.16) and accuracy of 93.3% (95% CI: 91.2-95.0%).
Conclusions: SAS test is an easy to perform, patient dependent and reliable as a screening test and diagnosis confirmatory test.
期刊介绍：
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of musculoskeletal disorders, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.
The scope of the Journal covers research into rheumatic diseases where the primary focus relates specifically to a component(s) of the musculoskeletal system.
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