Evaluation of serum levels in children with delayed eruption.

Aim: This study aimed to assess levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D₃), calcium (Ca⁺²), phosphorus (P), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) and to determine delayed tooth eruption by examining their correlations.

Material and method: The study included 101 paediatric patients, aged 6-14 years, who visited the Dicle University Paediatric Dentistry Clinic, had no systemic diseases, and had not received medication in the past three months. Among them, 60 patients exhibited delayed eruption of their permanent central and first molar teeth, while 41 did not. Serum levels of 25(OH)D₃, Ca⁺², P, and PTH were measured. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS software, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.

Results: Serum levels of 25(OH)D₃ and Ca⁺² were significantly lower in the patient group, whereas PTH levels were significantly lower in the control group (p < 0.05). However, serum P levels did not differ significantly between the groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: Serum parameters play a significant role in tooth eruption. The significance of vitamin D has increased because of its physiological effects and involvement in metabolic pathways, highlighting the need to examine Ca⁺², P, and PTH levels, which contribute to its regulation. Low levels of vitamin D and Ca⁺², along with elevated PTH levels, have been identified as potential factors contributing to delayed tooth eruption, whereas P levels do not appear to have a significant impact. In view of the ongoing growth and development in this patient group, regular monitoring of vitamin D, Ca⁺², and PTH levels, along with timely interventions, is essential.

Trial registration: TCTR identification number: TCTR20240729001; registered on 29 July 2024. The trial was registered retrospectively.