评估埃及索哈格可持续农业高粱基因型的耐旱性和产量稳定性

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI:10.1111/jac.12787

Alaa A. Said, Salah F. Abou‐Elwafa, Abdel‐Rahman A. Mustafa, Ahmed R. M. Ridwan, Mohamed A. Siddiq, Ali R. A. Moursy, Mohamed A. E. AbdelRahman, Nafisa A. M. Mobarak

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引用次数: 0

摘要

埃及农业系统种植高粱的主要问题包括气候干旱和缺水。因此，本研究旨在调查干旱条件对埃及索哈格 21 种不同高粱（Sorghum bicolor L.）基因型产量的影响。本研究采用的耐旱指标包括耐旱指数（TOL）、平均产量（MP）、对干旱的敏感性指数（SSI）、压力耐受指数（STI）、几何平均产量（GMP）和谐波平均产量（HARM）。在两个生长季节（2021 年和 2022 年）进行了田间对照实验，研究不同干旱水平对所研究的各种高粱基因型（ET0 = 0.8、0.6 和 0.4）的谷物产量（GY）和水分利用效率（WUE）的影响。此外，还对所获得的不同产量参数数据进行了主成分分析（PCA），目的是确定不同高粱基因型在最佳和受压两种条件下最有效的耐旱指数。不同高粱品种的耐旱性各不相同，由于其遗传和生理特性，这些品种具有高效的气孔调节和深根系统，可增强水分保持和生理功能，从而提高WUE。这些因素主要受环境条件的影响，如苏哈格地区的土壤类型和湿度，这些基因型在干旱胁迫下可能表现出不同的性能。据观察，Giza-15 和杂交种 Sh1 在灌溉条件良好的情况下表现较好，而 L38 在严重干旱时的 WUE 表现突出。因此，正确的基因型选择取决于灌溉策略。因此，苏哈格地区为高粱育种人员通过设计的选育和杂交活动进一步提高高粱的抗旱性提供了良好的机会，这有助于通过应对当前的农业挑战和保障当今世界的粮食安全来培育具有气候抗逆性的栽培品种。育种人员将重点开发适应干旱条件的基因型，并开发可在类似气候条件下应用的模式，以提高依赖这种重要作物的农民的生产率和可持续性。

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Evaluating Drought Tolerance and Yield Stability of Sorghum Genotypes for Sustainable Agriculture in Sohag, Egypt

The major problem in the cultivation of sorghum in the Egyptian agricultural system includes arid climate and water shortage. Thus, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of drought conditions on the productivity of 21 different sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) genotypes at Sohag, Egypt. A set of drought tolerance metrics employed in the present study were Tolerance Index (TOL); Mean Production (MP); Sensitivity to Drought Index (SSI); Stress Tolerance Index (STI); Geometric mean performance (GMP) and Harmonic mean of yield (HARM). A field‐controlled experiment was conducted on the two growth seasons (2021 and 2022) concerning the impact of different drought levels on (ET0 = 0.8, 0.6 and 0.4) Grain Yields (GY) and Water Use Efficiency (WUE) for the various studied sorghum genotypes. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was also conducted on the obtained data of the different yield parameters with the aim of identifying the most effective tolerance indices related to the different genotypes of sorghum under both conditions, optimal and stressed. Drought tolerance varies among different sorghum varieties, which, by their genetic and physiological nature, possess efficient stomatal regulation and deep‐rooted systems, enhancing water conservation and physiological functions and hence higher WUE. These are mainly influenced by environmental conditions, such as soil type and moisture levels in the region of Sohag, where such genotypes may exhibit different performances regarding drought stress. It was observed that Giza‐15 and Hybrid Sh1 were among the high performers under well‐irrigated conditions, and L38 was outstanding during a severe drought in terms of WUE. Therefore, proper genotype selection depends on the irrigation strategy. Hence, the Sohag region presents a good opportunity for further improvement of drought tolerance through designed selection and hybridization activities in sorghum breeders, and this contributes to climate‐resilient cultivars by addressing the present agricultural challenges and food security for the present world. Emphasis will be placed by breeders on the development of arid‐condition‐adapted genotypes and the development of models that can be applied within comparable climates to boost productivity and sustainability for those farmers dependent on this vital crop.

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来源期刊

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

8.20

自引率

5.70%

发文量

审稿时长

7.8 months

期刊介绍： The effects of stress on crop production of agricultural cultivated plants will grow to paramount importance in the 21st century, and the Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science aims to assist in understanding these challenges. In this context, stress refers to extreme conditions under which crops and forages grow. The journal publishes original papers and reviews on the general and special science of abiotic plant stress. Specific topics include: drought, including water-use efficiency, such as salinity, alkaline and acidic stress, extreme temperatures since heat, cold and chilling stress limit the cultivation of crops, flooding and oxidative stress, and means of restricting them. Special attention is on research which have the topic of narrowing the yield gap. The Journal will give preference to field research and studies on plant stress highlighting these subsections. Particular regard is given to application-oriented basic research and applied research. The application of the scientific principles of agricultural crop experimentation is an essential prerequisite for the publication. Studies based on field experiments must show that they have been repeated (at least three times) on the same organism or have been conducted on several different varieties.