Channel-assembling tumor microenvironment on-chip for evaluating anticancer drug efficacy.

Organ-on-a-chip is an advanced system for evaluating drug response in diseases. It simulates the in vivo tumor microenvironment, aiding in the understanding of drug mechanisms and tumor responses. It mimics the structure of the tumor microenvironment and the dynamic conditions within the body. As a result, it holds the potential for applications in precision and personalized medicine. However, there are still limitations in sequential development processes and complex structures, resulting in time-consuming molecular interference during system development. In this study, we developed a channel-assembling tumor microenvironment-on-chip (CATOC) system to overcome these limitations. CATOC was easily segmented into blood vessels and a tumor microenvironment-on-chip, which can be independently developed. The tumor microenvironment-on-chip consists of two independent channels for evaluating drug responses in different types of tumor microenvironments. Each fully developed system was physically interconnected to create a CATOC. Interconnected CATOC was used to validate chemical and targeted anticancer drug responses in different subtypes of the breast tumor microenvironment. We also emphasized the significance of on-chip experiments by observing the drug response of tumor spheroids on CATOC and scaffold-free platforms.