对比小麦栽培品种粒数及其组成部分的可塑性

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109653

Breno Bicego , Roxana Savin , Christine Girousse , Vincent Allard , Gustavo A. Slafer

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景要设计出更好的管理和育种策略，就必须更好地了解谷粒数（GN）成分的可塑性。开花前期资源供应的变化可能会影响谷粒数的主要组成部分--穗数（SN）和每穗粒数（GS）之间的相互作用。量化颖花材料中 GN 成分可塑性差异的程度并了解其生理基础对育种很有价值。方法在两个地点（法国和西班牙），从茎开始伸长到开花，对两个现代基因型（Ascott 和 Sy Moisson）进行了 5 级资源可用性试验（两级遮光、两级疏苗和未受控制的对照），预计这两个基因型会对 SN 的变化产生截然不同的 GS 响应。SN是产量的粗调因子，具有作物水平的可塑性，而GS则是一种微调机制，在基因型水平上对资源的反应较小。从多地点和多年数据集得出的关于GS可塑性基因型差异的假说，以及两地基因型对资源变化反应差异的一致性，表明基因型可塑性差异可能是构成性的，因此有助于设计旨在将GS可塑性与其他产量相关属性相结合的战略杂交。

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Plasticity of grain number and its components in contrasting wheat cultivars

Context

A better understanding of the plasticity of grain number (GN) components may be essential to design better management and breeding strategies. Alterations in resource availability during pre-anthesis may affect the interplay between the main GN components, spike number (SN) and grains per spike (GS). Quantifying the magnitude, and understanding the physiological bases, of differences in plasticity of GN components within elite material would be valuable for breeding.

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the physiology of GN determination, the plasticity of, and any possible trade-offs between its components.

Methods

Two modern genotypes (Ascott and Sy Moisson), expected to have contrasting GS response to changes in SN, were subjected to 5 levels of resource availability (two levels of shading, two levels of thinning and an unmanipulated control) from the onset of stem elongation to anthesis in two locations (France and Spain).

Results and conclusions

Yield in the control was relatively high in both locations and strongly related to GN, which was more plastic in Ascott than in Sy Moisson; and the difference in plasticity was related to different responses of the two main GN components. SN acted as a coarse regulator of yield contributing with crop level plasticity while GS acted as a fine-tuning mechanism expressing the smaller responses to resource at genotypic level. The higher GS plasticity of Ascott-like genotypes may provide more stability in early stress scenarios where the SN is reduced as long as no later limitations occur.

Implications

The acceptance of a hypothesis on genotypic variation in plasticity of GS derived from multilocation and multiyear datasets, and the consistency of the genotypic difference in response to changes in resources across the two locations, suggests that the genotypic difference in plasticity may be constitutive and would therefore be useful in designing strategic crosses aiming to combine plasticity of GS with other yield-related attributes.

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来源期刊

Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

12.10%

发文量

307

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.