Enhancing PV/T systems performance: A comprehensive study on MXene/methanol nanofluid in two-phase closed thermosyphons

Recent research focuses on utilizing MXene/methanol nanofluid as a working fluid in two-phase closed thermosyphons (TPCT) to enhance cooling for the rear of hybrid solar photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems. The MXene nanosheets offer unique advantages, including high thermal conductivity, capacitive capacity, and hydrophilicity. Additionally, performance and efficiency comparisons between different PV systems are provided. The findings indicate that the optimal inclination angle for the panels is 30°, and a filling ratio of 50 % is ideal. The study shows that using nanofluids at an optimal concentration of 1 % instead of the base fluid leads to a significant reduction in temperature behind the panel, increased electrical output, and enhanced overall efficiency. Specifically, a temperature decrease of 19.65 °C and an electrical output increase of 1.65 W were recorded at a 1 wt% MXene concentration. Thus, this study highlights the impressive performance of PV/T systems when integrated with MXene/methanol nanofluids. Notably, the photovoltaic cell has been made for the first time using this nanofluid.