Fundamentals in organic dyes for perovskite solar cells

In the last years, the rapid emergence of photovoltaic technology has introduced a clean and renewable energy source, the significant potential of photovoltaic devices lies in their ability to transform light energy into electrical energy using cost-effective and eco-friendly methods. Organic materials have achieved notable increases in power conversion efficiency through chemical functionalization, proving advantages such as low-cost synthesis, high purity, and good charge transport properties in perovskites solar cells (PSCs). Challenges are still, including the stability and efficiency of organic materials, however, advances in material chemistry and structural optimization offer promising solutions that could significantly enhance the performance and commercial viability of PSCs. The integration of organic dyes for passivators, hole and electron transport layers in PSCs has shown improvements in device efficiency and stability, offering potential for increased efficiency and reduced production costs.