运动对普通人群睡眠质量的影响：元分析和系统综述

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Sleep medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI:10.1016/j.sleep.2024.10.036

Xiaojie Zhou , Yan Kong , Beibei Yu , Shengnan Shi , Hui He

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的睡眠是人类生理健康和心理健康的基础，也是人类生存的基本需求之一。睡眠质量问题在人群中普遍存在，睡眠质量差往往与多种疾病的发生密切相关，严重影响生活质量，甚至可能导致寿命缩短，因此改善睡眠健康已成为亟待解决的现实问题。运动作为一种重要的非药物手段，已被广泛用于提高睡眠质量，但运动对个体睡眠质量的主观和客观睡眠的疗效仍存在争议。因此，本荟萃分析旨在比较非运动员人群中运动对主观睡眠质量和客观睡眠效率的影响，并进一步对运动类型的有效性进行排序，为改善睡眠提供合适的运动手段。方法本研究通过PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane和EBSCO五个数据库进行文献检索评估，并使用Review Manager 5.3和stata16.0进行配对荟萃分析和网络荟萃分析。结果共检索到7494项研究，最终纳入81项符合条件的随机对照试验，涉及6193名受试者。主要结果指标包括主观睡眠质量（PSQI），次要结果指标为客观睡眠效率（SE），其中 65 项报告了主观睡眠质量，23 项报告了客观睡眠效率。配对荟萃分析结果表明，运动可显著降低 PSQI [MD = -1.77, (95 % CI = -2.28,-1.25),P < 0.05]，提高 SE [MD = 4.81, (95 % CI = 2.89,6.73),P < 0.05]。网络荟萃分析结果显示，身心锻炼[MD = -2.28，（95 % CI = -3.19，-1.36），P < 0.05，SUCRA = 85.6]可能是改善 PSQI 的最佳锻炼方式，而有氧锻炼[MD = 5.02，（95 % CI = 2.52，7.52），P < 0.05，SUCRA = 75.1]最有可能是改善 SE 的最佳锻炼方式。在回归分析中，运动周期（β = -0.25 [0.40, 0.46], SE = 0.10 [P = 0.015, R2 = 0.24]）和年龄（β = -0.20 [-0.04, -0.01, SE = -2.06 [P = 0.039, R2 = 0.16]）对客观睡眠效率具有调节作用。身心锻炼、有氧运动、有氧运动与阻力运动相结合可能是改善睡眠的首选方式，且运动周期越长，改善睡眠的效果越明显，改善效果会随着年龄的增长而逐渐减弱。

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Effects of exercise on sleep quality in general population: Meta-analysis and systematic review

Purpose

Sleep is the foundation of human physiological health and psychological health, as well as one of the basic needs for human survival. Sleep quality problems are prevalent in the population, and poor sleep quality is often closely related to the occurrence of many diseases, which seriously affects the quality of life and may even result in a shortened lifespan, so that improving sleep health has become a real problem that needs to be solved urgently. Exercise, as an important non-pharmacological tool, has been widely used for sleep quality enhancement, while the efficacy of exercise on subjective and objective sleep with respect to individual sleep quality remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of exercise on subjective sleep quality and objective sleep efficiency in a non-athlete population, and to further rank the effectiveness of exercise types to provide appropriate means of exercise to improve sleep.

Methods

This study was evaluated by literature search in five databases, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, and EBSCO, and paired meta-analysis and network meta-analysis were performed using Review Manager 5.3 and stata16.0.

Results

A total of 7494 studies were retrieved, and 81 eligible randomized controlled trials involving 6193 subjects were finally included. The primary outcome metrics included subjective sleep quality (PSQI), and the secondary outcome was objective sleep efficiency (SE), of which 65 reported PSQI and 23 reported SE. The results of paired meta-analysis showed that exercise significantly decreased PSQI [MD = −1.77, (95 % CI = −2.28,-1.25),P < 0.05] and increased SE [MD = 4.81, (95 % CI = 2.89,6.73),P < 0.05]. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that body and mind exercise [MD = −2.28, (95 % CI = −3.19,-1.36),P < 0.05, SUCRA = 85.6] may be the best exercise to improve PSQI, and aerobic exercise [MD = 5.02, (95 % CI = 2.52,7.52),P < 0.05, SUCRA = 75.1] is most likely to be the best type of exercise to improve SE. In regression analyses, there was a moderating effect of exercise cycle (β = −0.25 [0.40, 0.46], SE = 0.10 [P = 0.015, R² = 0.24]) and age (β = −0.20 [-0.04, −0.01, SE = −2.06 [P = 0.039,R² = 0.16]) as moderators of objective sleep efficiency.

Conclusion

Exercise is effective in improving both subjective and objective sleep quality. Body and mind exercise, aerobic exercise, and aerobic combined with resistance exercise may be the preferred way to improve sleep, and the longer the exercise cycle, the more obvious the improvement in sleep effect, the improvement effect will gradually decrease with age.

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来源期刊

Sleep medicine 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

6.20%

发文量

1060

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Sleep Medicine aims to be a journal no one involved in clinical sleep medicine can do without. A journal primarily focussing on the human aspects of sleep, integrating the various disciplines that are involved in sleep medicine: neurology, clinical neurophysiology, internal medicine (particularly pulmonology and cardiology), psychology, psychiatry, sleep technology, pediatrics, neurosurgery, otorhinolaryngology, and dentistry. The journal publishes the following types of articles: Reviews (also intended as a way to bridge the gap between basic sleep research and clinical relevance); Original Research Articles; Full-length articles; Brief communications; Controversies; Case reports; Letters to the Editor; Journal search and commentaries; Book reviews; Meeting announcements; Listing of relevant organisations plus web sites.