使饲料燕麦适应气候变化:在二氧化碳和温度升高的条件下提高生长、产量和微生物活力

IF 4.5 2区 生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Maharishi Tomar, Prabha Singh, R. Srinivasan, Ravi Prakash Saini, Awnindra Kumar Singh, Vijay Kumar Yadav
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究人员利用开顶室(OTC)研究了大气二氧化碳浓度(e[CO2])和温度(e°T)升高对燕麦(Avena sativa L.)品种各种性状的影响。实验创建了一个模拟环境,即a°T + e[CO2]的植株高度增加到 121 厘米,而 a°T + a[CO2]和 e°T + e[CO2]的植株高度分别为 114 厘米和 111 厘米。a°T + e[CO2]的种子重量最高(3.09 克),而 a°T + a[CO2]为 2.53 克,e°T + e[CO2]为 2.60 克。a°T + e[CO2]的叶片数和分蘖数(61.4 片,10 个分蘖)明显高于 a°T + a[CO2](27.6 片,5.6 个分蘖)和 e°T + e[CO2](44.3 片,6.93 个分蘖)。叶绿素含量最高的是 a°T + e[CO2](5.13 毫克/克),而 a°T + a[CO2] 为 3.61 毫克/克,e°T + e[CO2] 为 1.47 毫克/克。相比之下,a°T + a[CO2](81.6%)的发芽率最高,而 e°T + e[CO2](60.3%)和 a°T + e[CO2](63.1%)的发芽率最低。应激标记丙二醛(MDA)在 e°T + e[CO2](1.35 nmol/g)中明显高于 a°T + a[CO2](0.299 nmol/g)。膜稳定性指数(MSI)在 e°T + e[CO2]中最低(13.2),而在 a°T + a[CO2]中为 20.9,表明在 e°T + e[CO2]中压力更大。a°T + e[CO2]的淀粉含量(14.6%)是 a°T + a[CO2](7.09%)的两倍多。微生物活性也有显著差异。与 a°T + a[CO2] (8.80)和 a°T + e[CO2] (12.62)相比,e°T + e[CO2] 的脱氢酶最高(13.86 微克/克/天)。与 a°T + a[CO2](61)相比,e°T + e[CO2](72)的细菌总数(TBC)有所增加。同样,与 a°T + a[CO2](PSB:75.0,PSF:4.0)相比,e°T + e[CO2](PSB:104.5,PSF:8.5)中的磷酸盐溶解细菌(PSB)和真菌(PSF)最高。与 a°T + a[CO2](72.5 和 42.0)相比,a°T + e[CO2](95 和 94)中的根瘤菌和氮杂菌数量有所增加,这表明 e[CO2] 对微生物种群有很大的积极影响。JHO-2000-4 和 JHO-99-2 等特定燕麦品种在这些条件下表现最佳,产量更高,抗逆性更好。虽然e[CO2]对燕麦植物生长和土壤微生物活动有很大益处,但e°T带来的额外胁迫使这些益处变得更加复杂。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Adapting fodder oats to climate change: Enhancing growth, yield, and microbial dynamics under elevated CO2 and temperature
The effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (e[CO2]) and temperature (e°T) on various traits of oat (Avena sativa L.) varieties using open-top chambers (OTC) were investigated. A simulated environment was created for the experiment i.e., ambient temperature and CO2 (a°T + a[CO2]); elevated temperature (3 °C > ambient temperature) (e°T); elevated CO2 (550 ± 50 ppm) (e[CO2]); and a combination of ambient temperature with elevated CO2 (a°T + e[CO2]), for accessing the effect of e°T and e[CO2] on oats. a°T + e[CO2] increased plant height to 121 cm compared to 114 cm in a°T + a[CO2] and 111 cm in e°T + e[CO2]. Seed weight was highest in a°T + e[CO2] (3.09 g) compared to 2.53 g in a°T + a[CO2] and 2.60 g in e°T + e[CO2]. Leaf number and tillers were significantly higher in a°T + e[CO2] (61.4 leaves, 10 tillers) than in a°T + a[CO2] (27.6 leaves, 5.6 tillers) and e°T + e[CO2] (44.3 leaves, 6.93 tillers). Chlorophyll content was highest in a°T + e[CO2] (5.13 mg/g) compared to 3.61 mg/g in a°T + a[CO2] and 1.47 mg/g in e°T + e[CO2]. In contrast, germination rate was best in a°T + a[CO2] (81.6 %) compared to e°T + e[CO2] (60.3 %) and a°T + e[CO2] (63.1 %). Malondialdehyde (MDA), a stress marker, was significantly higher in e°T + e[CO2] (1.35 nmol/g) compared to a°T + a[CO2] (0.299 nmol/g). Membrane stability index (MSI) was lowest in e°T + e[CO2] (13.2) compared to 20.9 in a°T + a[CO2], indicating greater stress under e°T + e[CO2]. Starch content in a°T + e[CO2] (14.6 %) was more than double that of a°T + a[CO2] (7.09 %). Microbial activity also showed significant differences. Dehydrogenase was highest in e°T + e[CO2] (13.86 µg/g/day) compared to a°T + a[CO2] (8.80) and a°T + e[CO2] (12.62). Total bacterial count (TBC) increased in e°T + e[CO2] (72) compared to a°T + a[CO2] (61). Similarly, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and fungi (PSF) were highest in e°T + e[CO2] (PSB: 104.5, PSF: 8.5) compared to a°T + a[CO2] (PSB: 75.0, PSF: 4.0). Rhizobium and Azotobacter counts were elevated in a°T + e[CO2] (95 and 94) compared to a°T + a[CO2] (72.5 and 42.0), showing a strong positive impact of e[CO2] on microbial populations. Specific oat varieties such as JHO-2000–4 and JHO-99–2 performed best under these conditions, showing higher yields and better stress tolerance. While e[CO2] offers substantial benefits to oat plant growth and soil microbial activity, the additional stress from e°T complicates these benefits.
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来源期刊
Environmental and Experimental Botany
Environmental and Experimental Botany 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
9.30
自引率
5.30%
发文量
342
审稿时长
26 days
期刊介绍: Environmental and Experimental Botany (EEB) publishes research papers on the physical, chemical, biological, molecular mechanisms and processes involved in the responses of plants to their environment. In addition to research papers, the journal includes review articles. Submission is in agreement with the Editors-in-Chief. The Journal also publishes special issues which are built by invited guest editors and are related to the main themes of EEB. The areas covered by the Journal include: (1) Responses of plants to heavy metals and pollutants (2) Plant/water interactions (salinity, drought, flooding) (3) Responses of plants to radiations ranging from UV-B to infrared (4) Plant/atmosphere relations (ozone, CO2 , temperature) (5) Global change impacts on plant ecophysiology (6) Biotic interactions involving environmental factors.
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