Technological literacy and employment: An inquiry into the adoption of learning technologies

This study investigates the relationship between online learning activities for educational, professional, or personal purposes and employment likelihood using the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Usage Survey conducted by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI) between 2015 and 2023. Utilizing a nationally representative survey, we analyze (1) online course enrollment and (2) online learning engagement (self-learning and communication-based learning activities) and their relationship with being employed. The results highlight that all forms of online learning—course enrollment, self-learning, and communication-based learning activities—positively influence employment. Regarding the magnitude of the effects, online learning engagement is as useful as online course enrollment, underscoring the importance of engagement that can supplement formal or structured learning methods. Furthermore, online learning activities benefit disadvantaged labor groups such as female and older workers more. The findings emphasize the potential of online learning activities to promote lifelong learning and mitigate barriers to employment, particularly among older individuals and women. Considering these dynamics, this study allows policymakers and practitioners to develop more effective strategies to address gender disparities and foster inclusive workforce participation.