MAPO-5 molecular sieves from alkylimidazolium bromide ionic liquids

The ionic liquids diisopropylimidazolium bromide (DIPI) and diisobutylimidazolium bromide (DIBU) were used both as solvents and structure-directing agents (SDAs) to obtain AlPO₄-5 and MnAPO-5 (Mn-AFI) molecular sieves. For increasing level of manganese, DIBU always yielded pure-phase Mn-AFI whereas DIPI led to amorphous product when more than 0.13 eq of Mn was added. Varying amounts of water, HF and metal led to AFI, cristobalite or tridymite phases. We also explored the use of nickel as the metal dopant, and although AFI phase were obtained under certain conditions, no framework incorporation of the metal was observed. Because of the vanishingly low vapor pressure of the ILs, the synthesis does not carry the risk of pressure build-up. The ILs were easily and fully recyclable and used for multiple syntheses. The MnAPO-5 material was characterized with powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), multinuclear solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SS-NMR) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). These findings provide new insight into the ionothermal synthesis of metal-doped AFI frameworks with possible implications in catalytic applications.