Understanding the electrocatalytic role of magnesium doped bismuth copper titanate (BCTO) in oxygen evolution reaction

Designing high-efficiency electrocatalysts for water oxidation has become increasingly important in the catalysis field owing to its implications for renewable energy production and storage. The production of hydrogen (H₂) from water is hampered by the very sluggish kinetics of the water-splitting process. Enhancement of effective oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts is also required to understand the primary barrier to OER. This article investigates the electrochemical activity of magnesium-doped bismuth copper titanate (Mg-BCTO) as an efficient catalyst for the OER in water electrolysis, a critical step in hydrogen production for sustainable energy. The synthesized materials, including various stoichiometries of Mg-doped BCTO, undergo thorough physical and electrochemical characterization using XRD, FT-IR, Raman, SEM, TEM, XPS, CV, EIS, and Tafel polarization analyses. Remarkably, Mg0.1 doped BCTO demonstrates superior performance, achieving a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² at a very low overpotential (η₁₀) of 265 mV and with a Tafel slope of 92 mV dec⁻¹. This finding not only highlights the electrocatalytic efficiency of Mg doped BCTO but also positions it as a promising model for the development of highly active and stable water oxidizing catalysts, contributing to the advancement of clean energy technologies.