Effect of scaling and root planing with and without minocycline hydrochloride microspheres on serum biomarkers and acute phase reactants

Background

This study tests the effects of scaling and root planing (SRP) vs SRP with minocycline hydrochloride microspheres (MMs) (SRP with MM) on serum biomarkers interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and matrix metalloproteinase-8 and acute phase reactants hemoglobin A_1c (HbA_1c), high-sensitivity C-reactive proteins and haptoglobin (Hp) in patients with stage II-IV grade B periodontitis.

Methods

Seventy participants were randomized to receive SRP (n = 35) or SRP+MM (n = 35). Serum was collected at baseline (before SRP), 1-month reevaluation visit, and 3- and 6-month periodontal maintenance visits. MMs were delivered to pockets 5 mm or larger immediately after SRP and immediately after the 3-month periodontal maintenance visit. Serum for acute phase reactants only was collected at the 9- and 12-month posttreatment follow-up. All outcomes were summarized using estimated marginal means back-transformed to the original response scale with 95% CIs.

Results

At 6 months, no statistical significance was yielded in either group for IL-6 (P = .91), tumor necrosis factor-α (P = .34), or matrix metalloproteinase-8 (P = .34). IL-1β (P = .06) was slightly higher in the SRP-alone group, suggesting a clinical impact with the addition of MM. Acute phase reactants were not statistically significant for high-sensitivity C-reactive proteins (P = .59), HbA_1c (P = .46), or haptoglobin (P = .22) for either group. These outcomes continued at the 9- and 12-month posttreatment follow-up.

Conclusions

SRP alone and SRP+MM minimally reduced levels of cytokine biomarkers and acute phase reactants in self-reported systemically healthy patients with advanced stages of periodontitis. Thresholds for resolution of local clinical inflammation may not have been achieved in this study to result in a reduction of systemic inflammation.