自闭症谱系与肠胃健康:筛查环境因素对肠胃问题的影响。

IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI:10.1002/aur.3263
Anita Brito, Fernando Ribeiro Tocantins, Helena Brentani, André Fujita, Carla Romano Taddei, Patricia Cristina Baleeiro Beltrão-Braga
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种综合了遗传和环境因素的复杂神经发育疾病。人体微生物群由永久性或过渡性微生物定植,这取决于宿主和控制其永久性的外部因素。ASD 患者的肠道微生物群(GM)组成与对照组明显不同,这可能是导致这些患者出现临床症状的原因之一。本研究旨在通过分析导致微生物群组成的环境因素,间接研究 ASD 患者和对照组中 GM 对肠道-大脑轴的影响。研究设计了两份问卷来收集数据,一份针对 ASD 组(ASDG),另一份针对对照组(CG)。两份问卷的原始数据均来自 2772 名受访者。经过分流后,我们对 1687 名 ASD 患者的答案和 466 名对照组受访者的答案进行了分析,最终得出受访者总数为 2237 人。我们的研究结果表明,胃肠道问题(GP)会随着年龄的增长而加剧,在 ASD 患者中更为突出。相比之下,喂养问题(FP)在两个组别中似乎都没有随着年龄的增长而加剧,尽管在 CG 组别中喂养问题有所减少。方差分析显示,在经剖腹产出生的早产儿对照组中,母乳喂养状况与 GP 相比存在显著差异(P 值 = 0.027)。ASDG(0.257;0.268)和CG(0.105;0.248)中母乳喂养和非母乳喂养个体的GP平均值突显了母乳喂养对研究组GP影响的差异。怀孕期间使用抗生素似乎只对 ASDG 中母乳喂养者的 GP 有显著影响(p 值
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Autism Spectrum and gastrointestinal health: Screening on the influence of environmental factors on gastrointestinal problems

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that combines genetic and environmental factors. The human microbiota is colonized by permanent or transitory microorganisms, depending on the host and the external factors controlling their permanence. The composition of the gut microbiota (GM) in ASD individuals is notably different from that in controls, which may contribute to the clinical conditions observed in these individuals. This study aimed to indirectly investigate the influence of GM on the gut-brain axis in individuals with ASD and controls by analyzing environmental factors that contribute to the microbiota composition. Two questionnaires were designed to collect data, one for the ASD Group (ASDG) and the other one for the Control Group (CG). The raw data from both questionnaires were collected from 2772 respondents. After triage, answers from 1687 ASD individuals, along with 466 respondents from the CG, were analyzed, resulting in a total of 2237 respondents. Our results showed that gastrointestinal problems (GP) escalate as individuals age and become more prominent in ASD individuals. In contrast, feeding problems (FP) did not appear to escalate in either group as individuals aged, even though the FP decreased in the CG. ANOVA revealed significant differences in breastfeeding status compared to GPs among preterm control individuals born via cesarean section (p-value = 0.027). The mean values of GP for breastfed and nonbreastfed individuals, for ASDG (0.257; 0.268) and CG (0.105; 0.248), highlighted the differences in breastfeeding effects on GP for the study groups. The use of antibiotics during pregnancy seemed to be significant for GPs in the ASDG only for breastfed individuals (p-value <0.001), but not in the CG group. In conclusion, variables such as mode of delivery, FPs, type of birth, and length of breastfeeding do not seem to be determining factors for GP in the ASDG but are relevant for the CG. However, for ASDG individuals whose mothers took antibiotics during pregnancy, breastfeeding may act as a protective factor, as maternal antibiotic administration during pregnancy seems to aggravate GP-values across the ages of the participants. Considering GP as a proxy for GM and recognizing the importance of GM composition for central nervous system (CNS) function, it appears that in individuals with ASD, GM seems to be more dependent on other factors, which might be linked to the genetic background of each one. These findings suggest that future studies of the gut-brain axis in individuals with ASD might consider the individual's genetic background, environmental factors, and GM.

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来源期刊
Autism Research
Autism Research 医学-行为科学
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
8.50%
发文量
187
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: AUTISM RESEARCH will cover the developmental disorders known as Pervasive Developmental Disorders (or autism spectrum disorders – ASDs). The Journal focuses on basic genetic, neurobiological and psychological mechanisms and how these influence developmental processes in ASDs.
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