Bertrand Pierre Ludes, Arthur Chambre, Tania Delabarde
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引用次数: 0
摘要
本文以溺水案件为重点,评估了法医调查中硅藻检测的标准。硅藻是水生环境中发现的单细胞藻类,对溺水的判定至关重要,因为含有硅藻的水会在浸入水中时被吸入。主要目标包括确定要分析的组织的确切数量和类型(以硅藻浓度相对于组织重量表示),并详细说明在什么条件下收集水样以研究现场的硅藻群。此外,还强调了准确识别硅藻类群并按单位重量进行比较的重要性。为了提高硅藻检测的可靠性,该研究讨论了微波消解、真空过滤和自动扫描电子显微镜(MD-VF-Auto SEM)等先进方法,这些方法具有更高的灵敏度和特异性。此外,还探讨了 DNA 测序与深度学习技术的整合,从而有望改进硅藻检测和分类。这些进步旨在减少误报,提高将溺水确定为死因的准确性。文章强调了硅藻检测标准化协议的必要性,以确保一致性和可靠性。通过采用新技术和改进现有方法,硅藻检测的法医应用可以得到显著改善,从而在溺水调查中得出更准确、更可靠的结论。
The diatom test in the field of forensic medicine: a review of a long-standing question.
This article evaluates the criteria for diatom testing in forensic investigations, focusing on drowning cases. Diatoms, unicellular algae found in aquatic environments, are critical to the determination of drowning because water containing diatoms is inhaled during submersion. The primary objectives include defining the exact amount and type of tissue to be analyzed, expressed in terms of diatom concentration relative to tissue weight, and detailing the conditions under which water samples are collected to study the diatom flora at the site. In addition, the importance of accurately identifying diatom taxa and comparing them by unit weight is emphasized. To improve the reliability of diatom testing, the study discusses advanced methods such as microwave digestion, vacuum filtration, and automated scanning electron microscopy (MD-VF-Auto SEM), which offer higher sensitivity and specificity. The integration of DNA sequencing and deep learning techniques is explored, offering promising improvements in diatom detection and classification. These advances aim to reduce false positives and improve the accuracy of determining drowning as the cause of death. The article highlights the need for standardized protocols for diatom testing to ensure consistency and reliability. By incorporating new technologies and refining existing methods, the forensic application of diatom testing can be significantly improved, allowing for more accurate and reliable conclusions in drowning investigations.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Legal Medicine aims to improve the scientific resources used in the elucidation of crime and related forensic applications at a high level of evidential proof. The journal offers review articles tracing development in specific areas, with up-to-date analysis; original articles discussing significant recent research results; case reports describing interesting and exceptional examples; population data; letters to the editors; and technical notes, which appear in a section originally created for rapid publication of data in the dynamic field of DNA analysis.