非洲的疫苗溢出效应：肯尼亚、尼日利亚和南非的疫苗溢出效应和信心跨国研究。

IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126528

Alee Lockman , Timothy Callaghan , Christine Crudo Blackburn , Brian Colwell

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：由于历史上的医疗滥用和对政府的不信任，许多非洲国家普遍存在疫苗犹豫和对 COVID-19 疫苗的不信任。虽然已有研究探讨了非洲人对疫苗犹豫不决的原因，但对疫苗的溢出效应却知之甚少：以前接种疫苗的经历如何影响个人对疫苗的信心和未来的接种行为：在非洲三个国家（肯尼亚，N = 1545；尼日利亚，N = 1557；南非，N = 1588）进行的大型在线调查中，我们研究了疫苗溢出效应的五个衡量指标：COVID-19 疫苗接种过程的经历如何影响受访者对本国批准使用的所有疫苗的安全性、有效性和重要性的信心，以及未来为自己或子女接种疫苗的可能性。我们进行了多变量二元逻辑回归分析，以确定与五项结果测量相关的因素：结果：在所有三个国家中，许多人都经历了积极的疫苗溢出效应：由于他们之前在 COVID-19 疫苗接种过程中的经历，他们今后接种疫苗的可能性更大，对疫苗的信心也更强。肯尼亚的积极溢出效应最高，有 71% 的受访者表示今后更有可能接种疫苗，而尼日利亚受访者和南非受访者的这一比例分别为 60.1% 和 51.7%。多变量模型提供的证据表明，疫苗积极溢出效应的人口学相关因素在不同国家有所不同；但是，先前接种疫苗、错误信息认可和对政府的信心都一致预测了所有三个国家的溢出效应：这些研究结果表明，虽然疫苗外溢的驱动因素因国家而异，但应对 COVID-19 误传和加强个人对政府信任的策略可能有助于促进未来更多的疫苗接种。

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Vaccine spillover effects in Africa: A cross-national study of vaccine spillover and confidence in Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa

Background

Vaccine hesitancy and a distrust of the COVID-19 vaccine is widespread in many African nations, stemming from historic medical abuses and low confidence in governments. While studies have examined drivers of vaccine hesitancy in Africa, little is known about vaccine spillover effects: how prior experiences with vaccines influence individuals' confidence in vaccines and future vaccination behaviors.

Methods

In a large online survey conducted across three African countries (Kenya, N = 1545; Nigeria, N = 1557; South Africa, N = 1588), we examined five measures of vaccine spillover: how experiences with the COVID-19 vaccination process influenced respondents' confidence in the safety, efficacy, and importance of all vaccines approved for use in their country, and the likelihood of vaccinating themselves or their children in the future. Multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with each of the five outcome measures.

Results

Large numbers of individuals in all three countries experienced positive vaccine spillover: becoming more likely to vaccinate in the future and experiencing greater confidence in vaccines, due to their prior experiences with the COVID-19 vaccination process. The highest positive spillover effects were observed in Kenya, with 71 % reporting a greater likelihood of vaccinating themselves in the future, compared to just 60.1 % of Nigerian respondents and 51.7 % of South African respondents. Multivariate models provide evidence that demographic correlates of positive vaccine spillover vary across nations; however, prior vaccination, misinformation endorsement, and confidence in government both consistently predict spillover in all three nations.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that while drivers of vaccine spillover are country specific, strategies to address COVID-19 misinformation and to strengthen individuals' trust in government may help facilitate greater vaccine uptake in the future.

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

期刊介绍： Vaccine is unique in publishing the highest quality science across all disciplines relevant to the field of vaccinology - all original article submissions across basic and clinical research, vaccine manufacturing, history, public policy, behavioral science and ethics, social sciences, safety, and many other related areas are welcomed. The submission categories as given in the Guide for Authors indicate where we receive the most papers. Papers outside these major areas are also welcome and authors are encouraged to contact us with specific questions.