The spontaneous-diabetes rat: a model of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus by Yoshio Goto and Masaei Kakizaki (1981).

Y. Goto and M. Kakizaki produced a rat model of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) by repetitive selective breeding of rats with slightly impaired glucose tolerance. In contrast to most obese diabetes models, which were genetically modified animals created by inducing a gene mutation, this rat was a unique model because it was a spontaneous diabetes model created by selective breeding. Furthermore, when it became clear that this rat was a non-obese diabetic model that exhibited hyperglycemia due to a decrease in insulin secretion capacity, it was recognized as a valuable model for elucidating non-obese, hypoinsulinemic diabetes commonly seen in East Asians. Diabetes is becoming an important health problem worldwide, especially in the East Asian region, thus Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats are becoming increasingly important as a model of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.