急性和慢性治疗性降温对认知能力和幸福感的影响

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114728

Joseph Knill-Jones , Gareth Shadwell , Howard T. Hurst , Chris Mawhinney , Jonathan K. Sinclair , Robert Allan

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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究目的有关冷水浸泡（CWI）对认知能力影响的研究通常使用过长的冷却方案（>1 小时）来衡量长时间暴露在寒冷环境中对认知能力的不利影响。以前的研究没有考虑过类似于恢复和健康实践中使用的较短的 CWI 方案（∼10 分钟）。目的：研究一种更符合生态学原理的 CWI 方案，以急性和慢性方式影响认知、健康和睡眠。假设治疗性 CWI 方案将改善幸福感和睡眠，并且对认知没有不利影响：13 名健康参与者（20.85±2.15 岁）、（169.96±7.77 厘米）、（72.03±14.92 千克）、（27.67±9.55 BF%）自愿完成为期 4 周的 CWI 方案。参与者每周 3 次浸入冷水（10.42±0.59°C）中，为期 4 周。在为期 4 周的方案中，对认知能力（Stroop 和 TMT）、幸福感（WEMWBS、PSWQ、GAD-7、SHS）和睡眠（PSQI）进行了急性和慢性测量，同时还进行了体温调节测量（Tsk、Tco、热舒适度）：结果表明，CWI 对认知能力没有不利影响，Stroop 表现和幸福感在急性期和慢性期均无差异。另外，从基线（TMT-A 15.17±4.81秒，TMT-B 39.68±15.12秒）到第3周（TMT-A 11.06±3.29秒，TMT-B 26.18±10.23秒），追踪测试有明显改善。睡眠障碍从基线分数 7.85±3.44 AU 下降到第 3 周结束时的 5.75±3.77 AU：治疗性降温在短时间内频繁使用（每周 3 次，持续 4 周）可改善睡眠质量，并且不会损害认知能力，还能改善某些方面的执行功能。

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Influence of acute and chronic therapeutic cooling on cognitive performance and well-being

Purpose

Research regarding the effect cold-water immersion (CWI) has on cognitive performance often uses excessive cooling protocols (>1-hour) to measure the detrimental impact prolonged cold exposure has on cognition. Previous studies have not considered shorter CWI protocols, similar to that used in recovery and wellness practices (∼10 min).

Aims

To investigate a more ecologically valid CWI protocol on cognition, well-being and sleep in an acute and chronic manner. It was hypothesised that a therapeutic CWI protocol would improve well-being, and sleep and have no detrimental effect on cognition.

Methods

Thirteen healthy participants (20.85±2.15 years), (169.96±7.77 cm), (72.03±14.92 kg), (27.67±9.55 BF%) volunteered to complete a 4-week CWI protocol. Participants were immersed in cold water (10.42±0.59 °C) 3-times a week for 4-weeks. Cognitive performance (Stroop & TMT), well-being (WEMWBS, PSWQ, GAD-7, SHS) and sleep (PSQI) were measured acutely and chronically over the 4-week protocol along with thermoregulatory measures (Tsk, Tco, thermal comfort).

Results

Results show that CWI had no detrimental impact on cognitive performance, with Stroop performance & well-being seeing no differences acutely or chronically. Alternatively, the trail making test showed significant improvement from baseline (TMT-A 15.17±4.81-seconds, TMT-B 39.68±15.12-seconds) to week-3 (TMT-A 11.06±3.29-seconds, TMT-B 26.18±10.23-seconds). A reduction in sleep disturbances was seen from baseline scores of 7.85±3.44 AU to the end of week-3 measures 5.75±3.77 AU.

Conclusion

Therapeutic cooling can improve sleep quality when utilised in short frequent doses (3 times per week, for 4-weeks) and is not detrimental to cognitive performance, improving certain aspects of executive function.

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来源期刊

Physiology & Behavior 医学-行为科学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.40%

发文量

274

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Physiology & Behavior is aimed at the causal physiological mechanisms of behavior and its modulation by environmental factors. The journal invites original reports in the broad area of behavioral and cognitive neuroscience, in which at least one variable is physiological and the primary emphasis and theoretical context are behavioral. The range of subjects includes behavioral neuroendocrinology, psychoneuroimmunology, learning and memory, ingestion, social behavior, and studies related to the mechanisms of psychopathology. Contemporary reviews and theoretical articles are welcomed and the Editors invite such proposals from interested authors.