智利的法医和法律医学:没有王子的灰姑娘

IF 1.2 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Leonardo González-Wilhelm, Mauricio Duce
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引用次数: 0

摘要

法医学对当代世界司法系统的运作具有极其重要的意义。因此,为了描述智利法医活动的现状,我们对有关这一主题的生物医学和法律文献进行了非系统性的审查。此外,还对公开信息来源进行了分析,其中包括国家个人保健提供者登记册、法医处的最新公开账目、该机构主动透明门户网站上提供的相关背景信息、"智利法律 "数据库(国民议会图书馆立法和文献服务部)中收录的免责决议,以及该国上诉法院任命的 2024 至 2025 两年期司法专家名单。我们注意到,智利在法医领域的学术发展和合格专业人员的培训方面有着不可接 受的历史欠账。同样,该领域的国家科学生产力几乎为零。目前,法医学是全国最缺乏专业人员的医学专业。因此,与上世纪初一样,医学专家的意见往往是由未经法医学培训的专业人员提出的。考虑到某些律师和法官的态度(详见文章),这种情况增加了误判的风险。国家公共政策必须采取紧急行动,弥补不足并提供解决方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Forensic and legal medicine in Chile: Cinderella without a prince.

Forensic medicine is of enormous importance in the functioning of contemporary justice systems worldwide. Therefore, in order to characterize the current state of medicolegal and forensic activity in Chile, a non-systematic review of the biomedical and legal literature on the subject was carried out. An analysis of open sources of information was also incorporated, including the National Registry of Individual Health Care Providers, the latest public accounts of the Forensic Medical Service, relevant background information available on the active transparency portal of that institution, exempt resolutions included in the "Chile Law" database (of the Department of Legislative and Documentary Services of the Library of the National Congress) and the lists of judicial experts appointed by the Courts of Appeals of the country for the biennium 2024 to 2025. We note that Chile maintains an unacceptable historical debt in terms of academic development and training of qualified professionals in forensic matters. Likewise, national scientific productivity in this field is practically null. Currently, forensic medicine is the medical specialty with the deepest shortage of professionals nationwide. Consequently, as in the early part of the last century, medical expert opinions are frequently performed by professionals untrained in forensic medicine. This scenario, taking into account the attitudes of certain lawyers and judges (detailed in the article), increases the risk of a miscarriage of justice. National public policies must take urgent action to address the deficits and provide solutions.

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来源期刊
Medwave
Medwave MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
8.30%
发文量
50
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Medwave is a peer-reviewed, biomedical and public health journal. Since its foundation in 2001 (Volume 1) it has always been an online only, open access publication that does not charge subscription or reader fees. Since January 2011 (Volume 11, Number 1), all articles are peer-reviewed. Without losing sight of the importance of evidence-based approach and methodological soundness, the journal accepts for publication articles that focus on providing updates for clinical practice, review and analysis articles on topics such as ethics, public health and health policy; clinical, social and economic health determinants; clinical and health research findings from all of the major disciplines of medicine, medical science and public health. The journal does not publish basic science manuscripts or experiments conducted on animals. Until March 2013, Medwave was publishing 11-12 numbers a year. Each issue would be posted on the homepage on day 1 of each month, except for Chile’s summer holiday when the issue would cover two months. Starting from April 2013, Medwave adopted the continuous mode of publication, which means that the copyedited accepted articles are posted on the journal’s homepage as they are ready. They are then collated in the respective issue and included in the Past Issues section.
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